Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (2/136)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

In the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in this hadith, “So how can his supplication be answered?” there is an indication that supplication has conditions that must be fulfilled and guidelines that must be observed if it is to be accepted and answered. Whoever fails to observe them can well expect that his supplication will not be answered.

Foremost among the conditions of supplication—indeed, foremost among the conditions of every act of obedience through which a servant draws near to Allah—is sincerity to Allah, Exalted be He. It is an essential condition and an indispensable requirement: neither supplication nor any other act of worship will be accepted unless it is performed with sincerity. Allah Most High says: “Indeed, sincere devotion belongs to Allah alone.” 1 He also says: “They were commanded only to worship Allah, devoting their religion sincerely to Him and inclining to the truth.” 2 He also says: “So call upon Allah, devoting your religion sincerely to Him, even though the disbelievers may detest it.” 3 And He says: “Say, ‘My Lord has commanded justice. Direct yourselves toward Him at every place of worship, and call upon Him, devoting your religion sincerely to Him. Just as He brought you into being, so shall you return.’” 4

It is also authentically reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father): “When you ask, ask Allah; and when you seek help, seek Allah’s help. Know that if all people were to unite to benefit you in some way, they could benefit you only with something Allah had already decreed for you. And if they were to unite to harm you in some way, they could harm you only with something Allah had already decreed against you. The pens have been lifted and the pages have dried.” 5

1. Surah al-Zumar, verse 3. 2. Surah al-Bayyina, verse 5. 3. Surah Ghāfir, verse 14. 4. Surah al-Araf, verse 29. 5. *Al-Musnad*, 1/293; *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, hadith no. 2516. The eminent scholar al-Albānī, may Allah have mercy on him, graded it authentic in *Sahīh Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, hadith no. 2043.

وفي قوله ﷺ في هذا الحديث " فأنَّى يستجاب لذلك " إشارةٌ إلى أنَّ لقبول الدعاء واستجابته شروطاً لا بد من تحقيقها وضوابطَ لا بد من التزامها، والمخلُّ بها حري به ألاَّ يستجاب دعاؤه. ويأتي في مقدمة شروط الدعاء بل وفي مقدمة شروط كلِّ طاعة يَتقرب بها العبدُ إلى الله الإخلاصُ لله ﵎ فهو شرطٌ أساسٌ وقَيدٌ مُهمٌّ، لا قبول للدعاء ولا لأي عبادةٍ إلاَّ بتحقيقه والإتيان به، قال الله تعالى: ﴿أَلاَ للهِ الدِّينُ الخَالِصُ﴾ ١، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلاَّ لِيَعْبُدُوا اللهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ حُنَفَاء﴾ ٢، وقال تعالى: ﴿فَادْعُوا اللهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الكَافِرُونَ﴾ ٣، وقال تعالى: ﴿قُلْ أَمَرَ رَبِّي بِالقِسْطِ وَأَقِيمُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ عِندَ كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍ وَادْعُوهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ كَمَا بَدَأَكُمْ تَعُودُونَ﴾ ٤، وثبت في الحديث أنَّ النبي ﷺ قال لابن عباس ﵄: " إذا سألتَ فاسأل الله، وإذا استعنتَ فاستعن بالله، واعلم أنَّ الأمَّةَ لو اجتمعتْ على أن ينفعوك بشيء لَم ينفعوك إلا بشيء قد كتبه الله لك، وإن اجتمعوا على أن يضرُّوك بشيء لَم يضروك إلا بشيء قد كتبه الله عليك، رُفعت الأقلامُ وجَفَّت الصُّحف "٥.

١ سورة الزمر، الآية: (٣) . ٢ سورة البينة، الآية: (٥) . ٣ سورة غافر، الآية: (١٤) . ٤ سورة الأعراف، الآية: (٢٩) . ٥ المسند (١/٢٩٣) ، وسنن الترمذي (رقم:٢٥١٦) ، وصححه العلاَّمة الألباني ﵀ في صحيح سنن الترمذي (رقم:٢٠٤٣) .