The One who raised the heaven aloft has built for us …
A house whose pillars are mightier and taller.
That is, mightier than every mighty one and taller than every tall one.”1 End quote.
Of the two views that he—may Allah have mercy on him—mentioned, the correct one is the second: Allah should, in the servant’s sight, be greater than everything. That is, nothing is greater or more magnificent than Him. The first view, however, is incorrect and is not the meaning of “Allah is greater.”
Shaykh al-Islām Ibn Taymiyyah said: “What is intended by the takbīr is that, in the servant’s sight, (Allah) should be greater than everything. The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said to Adī ibn Hātim: ‘O Adī, what drives you away? Is it the declaration that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah that drives you away? Do you know of any deity worthy of worship besides Allah? O Adī, what drives you away? Is it the declaration that Allah is greater that drives you away? Is anything greater than Allah?’ This refutes the view of anyone who construes ‘greater’ as merely ‘great.’”2 End quote.
This hadith of Adī was narrated by Imam Ahmad, al-Tirmidhī, Ibn Hibbān, and others with a good chain of transmission.3
It thus becomes clear that “Allah is greater” means greater than everything: nothing is greater or more magnificent than Him. Hence it is said that the most emphatic Arabic expression of magnification and reverence is “Allah is greater”—that is, describe Him as greater than everything. The poet said:
I have known Allah to surpass all things in what He undertakes …
And to command more hosts than all of them.4