Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (1/280)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

51 / The Virtue of the Takbīr and Its Place in the Religion

The discussion continues concerning the four phrases that are the best speech and the most beloved to Allah: “Glory be to Allah; praise be to Allah; there is no deity worthy of worship but Allah; and Allah is the Greatest.” The glorification and praise of Allah and the affirmation of His exclusive right to worship have already been discussed in some detail. What remains is to discuss the takbīr—the proclamation of Allah’s greatness—its virtue, its linguistic and religious meanings, and certain other matters relating to it.

The takbīr is of tremendous significance, and its reward with Allah is immense. Numerous scriptural texts exhort and encourage it and mention its reward.

Allah, Exalted is He, says: “And say, ‘All praise is for Allah, who has never taken a son, who has no partner in His dominion, and who needs no protector out of weakness.’ And proclaim His greatness immensely.” 1

Concerning fasting, He says: “So that you may complete the prescribed period, proclaim Allah’s greatness for having guided you, and be grateful.” 2

Concerning the pilgrimage and the rites by which the servant draws nearer to Allah, He says: “Neither their flesh nor their blood reaches Allah, but what reaches Him is your piety. Thus has He subjected them to you so that you may proclaim Allah’s greatness for having guided you. And give glad tidings to those who excel in good.” 3

He also says: “O you who are wrapped in your cloak! Arise and warn, and proclaim the greatness of your Lord.” 4.

1. Surah al-Isrāʾ, verse 111. 2. Surah al-Baqara, verse 185. 3. Surah al-Hajj, verse 37. 4. Surah al-Muddaththir, verses 1–3.

٥١ / فضل التكبير ومكانته من الدِّين لا يزال الحديث ماضياً عن الكلمات الأربع التي هي خير الكلام وأحبه إلى الله وهي: سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر، وسبق الحديث مفصلا بعض الشيء عن التسبيح والتحميد والتهليل وبقي الكلام عن التكبير، فضلِه ومعناه في اللغة والشرع وبعضِ الأمور الأخرى المتعلقة به. إنَّ التكبير شأنُه عظيم وثوابُه عند الله جزيل وقد تكاثرت النصوص في الحث عليه والترغيب فيه وذكر ثوابه. يقول الله تعالى: ﴿وَقُلِ الحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَداً وَلَمْ يَكُن لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي المُلْكِ وَلَمْ يَكُن لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ وَكَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيراً﴾ ١، وقال تعالى في شأن الصيام: ﴿وَلِتُكْمِلُوا العِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ﴾ ٢، وقال تعالى في شأن الحج وما يكون فيه من نُسك يَتقرَّب فيه العبدُ إلى الله: ﴿لَن يَنَالَ اللهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلاَ دِمَاؤُهَا وَلَكِن يَنَالُهُ التَّقْوَى مِنكُمْ كَذَلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمْ لِتُكَبِّرُوا اللهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَبَشِّرِ المُحْسِنِينَ﴾ ٣، وقال تعالى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا المُدَّثِّرُ قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ﴾ ٤.

١ سورة: الإسراء، الآية: (١١١) . ٢ سورة: البقرة، الآية: (١٨٥) . ٣ سورة: الحج، الآية: (٣٧) . ٤ سورة: المدثّر، الآيات: (١ ـ ٣) .