Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (1/270)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

He—glorified is He—has informed us that, from among His servants, those who give thanks are the ones singled out for His gracious favor. He says: “Thus We have tested some of them through others, so that they might say, ‘Are these the ones whom Allah has favored from among us?’ Does Allah not know best who are grateful?” 1.

He—glorified is He—has made increase contingent upon gratitude. The increase that comes from Him has no end, just as thanking Him has no end. Allah Most High says: “And when your Lord proclaimed, ‘If you are grateful, I will surely give you more; but if you are ungrateful, My punishment is indeed severe.’” 2. Thus, gratitude is forever accompanied by increase. Hence it has been said: “Whenever you see no increase in your condition, turn afresh to gratitude.”

He—glorified is He—has divided people into two groups: the grateful and the ungrateful. The things He hates most are disbelief and its adherents, while the things He loves most are gratitude and those who practice it. He says regarding man: “Indeed, We guided him to the Way, whether he proves grateful or ungrateful.” 3. Allah Most High also says: “If you disbelieve, Allah is in no need of you. He does not approve of disbelief for His servants; but if you are grateful, He approves it for you.” 4. He also says: “Whoever gives thanks does so only for his own benefit; but whoever is ungrateful—surely Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy.” 5. And He says: “Whoever gives thanks does so only for his own benefit; but whoever is ungrateful—surely my Lord is Self-Sufficient, Most Generous.” 6.

He—glorified is He—has informed us that only those who give thanks to Him worship Him; whoever does not give thanks to Him is not

1. Surah al-Anʿām, verse 53. 2. Surah Ibrāhīm, verse 7. 3. Surah al-Insān, verse 3. 4. Surah al-Zumar, verse 7. 5. Surah Luqmān, verse 12. 6. Surah al-Naml, verse 40.

وأخبر سبحانه أنَّ أهلَ الشُّكرِ هم المَحْضوضون بمنّته عليهم من بين عباده، فقال سبحانه: ﴿وَكَذَلِكَ فَتَنَّا بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لِيَقُولُوا أَهَؤُلآءِ مَنَّ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِن بَيْنِنَا أَلَيْسَ اللهُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِالشَّاكِرِينَ﴾ ١. وعلّق سبحانه المزيدَ بالشكر، والمزيدُ منه لا نهاية له كما لا نهاية لشكره، قال تعالى: ﴿وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكُمْ لَئِن شَكَرْتُمْ لأَزِيدَنَّكُمْ وَلَئِن كَفَرْتُمْ إِنَّ عَذَابِي لَشَدِيدٌ﴾ ٢، فالشكر معه المزيدُ أبداً؛ ولذا قيل: "فمتى لم ترَ حالَكَ في مزيدٍ فاستقبل الشكرَ". وقسّم سبحانه الناسَ إلى قسمين: شكورٌ وكفورٌ، فأبغضُ الأشياءِ إليه الكفرُ وأهلُه، وأحبُّ الأشياء إليه الشكرُ وأهلُه، قال تعالى في الإنسان: ﴿إِنَّا هَدَيْنَاهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شَاكِرًا وَإِمَّا كَفُورًا﴾ ٣، وقال تعالى: ﴿إِن تَكْفُرُوا فَإِنَّ اللهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنكُمْ وَلاَ يَرْضَى لِعِبَادِهِ الكُفْرَ وَإِن تَشْكُرُوا يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ﴾ ٤، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَمَن يَشْكُرْ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ اللهَ غَنِيٌّ حَمِيدٌ﴾ ٥، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَمَن شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّي غَنِيٌّ كَرِيمٌ﴾ ٦. وأخبر سبحانه أنَّه إنَّما يعبدُه من شكَرَه فمن لم يشكُرْه لم يكن

١ سورة الأنعام، الآية (٥٣) . ٢ سورة إبراهيم، الآية (٧) . ٣ سورة الإنسان، الآية (٣) . ٤ سورة الزمر، الآية (٧) . ٥ سورة لقمان، الآية (١٢) . ٦ سورة النمل، الآية (٤٠) .