Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

then made easy for them the means that would bring them to it and helped them along the way. He accepted from them but little during this exceedingly brief span compared with the everlasting Abode of Bliss. He guaranteed that, if they did good, He would reward each good deed tenfold, and that, if they did wrong and sought forgiveness, He would forgive them. He promised to erase the evil deeds they had committed through the good deeds they subsequently performed. He reminded them of His favors and made Himself known to them through His Names. Whatever He commanded them was out of mercy and benevolence toward them, not because He needed them; and whatever He forbade them was for their protection and preservation, not out of any miserliness toward them. He addressed them in the gentlest and sweetest manner, offered them the finest counsel, gave them the most perfect instructions, commanded them to possess the noblest qualities, and forbade them the vilest words and deeds. He presented His signs to them in varied ways, set forth parables for them, broadened the avenues by which they could know Him, opened for them the gates of guidance, and taught them the means that bring them nearer to His pleasure and farther from His wrath.

He addresses them in the gentlest manner and calls them by the finest of their names, as in His words: “O you who believe”; “Turn to Allah in repentance all together, O believers” 1; “O My servants who have transgressed against themselves” 2; “Tell My servants” 3; and “When My servants ask you about Me” 4. Thus He addresses them with words of affection, love, and tenderness, as in His words: “O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, so that you may

(1) Surah al-Nūr, verse 31. (2) Surah al-Zumar, verse 53. (3) Surah Ibrāhīm, verse 31. (4) Surah al-Baqara, verse 186.
ثم يسَّر لهم الأسباب التي توصلهم إليها وأعانهم عليها، ورضي منهم باليسير في هذه المدّةِ القصيرة جدًّا بالإضافة إلى بقاء دار النعيم، وضَمِن لهم إن أحسنوا أن يثيبهم بالحسنة عشراً، وإن أساءوا واستغفروا أن يغفر لهم، ووعدهم أن يمحو ما جَنَوه من السيّئات بما يفعلونه بعدها من الحسنات وذكّرهم بآلائه، وتعرَّف إليهم بأسمائه، وأمرهم بما أمرهم به رحمة منه بهم وإحساناً، لا حاجة منه إليهم، ونهاهم عمّا نهاهم عنه حمايةً وصيانةً لهم لا بُخلاً منه عليهم، وخاطبهم بألطف خطاب وأحلاه، ونصحهم بأحسن النصائح، ووصّاهم بأكمل الوصايا، وأمرهم بأشرف الخصال، ونهاهم عن أقبح الأقوال والأعمال، وصرّف لهم الآيات، وضرب لهم الأمثال، ووسع لهم طرقَ العلم به ومعرفته، وفتح لهم أبواب الهداية، وعرّفهم الأسباب التي تدنيهم مِن رضاه، وتبعدهم عن غضبه، ويخاطبهم بألطف الخطاب، ويسمّيهم بأحسن أسمائهم، كقوله: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا﴾ ، ﴿وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللهِ جَمِيعاً أَيُّهَا المُؤْمِنُونَ﴾ ١، ﴿يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنفُسِهِمْ﴾ ٢، ﴿قُلْ لِعِبَادِي﴾ ٣، ﴿وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِي﴾ ٤، فيخاطبهم بخطاب الوِداد والمحبّة والتلطّف، كقوله: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ
١ سورة: النور، الآية: (٣١) . ٢ سورة: الزمر، الآية: (٥٣) . ٣ سورة: إبراهيم، الآية: (٣١) . ٤ سورة: البقرة، الآية: (١٨٦) .

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