Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (1/205)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

and evenings—men whom neither trade nor sale distracts from the remembrance of Allah and the establishment of prayer.” 1—to the end of the verse.

As for the verses concerning animals and inanimate objects, among them are His words, Exalted is He: “The seven heavens, the earth, and all who are in them glorify Him. There is nothing that does not glorify Him with praise, but you do not comprehend their glorification. Indeed, He is ever Forbearing, All-Forgiving.” 2 And His words, Exalted is He: “Indeed, We subjected the mountains to join him in glorification in the evening and at sunrise, and the birds, assembled together—all repeatedly joining him in glorification.” 3 And His words, Exalted is He: “Do you not see that all those in the heavens and on earth glorify Allah, as do the birds with wings outspread? Each knows its prayer and its glorification, and Allah knows well what they do.” 4

As for the verses concerning all created beings, among them are His words, Exalted is He: “Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth glorifies Allah, and He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.” 5 And His words, Exalted is He: “Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth glorifies Allah. To Him belongs all sovereignty and to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over all things.” 6

Allah, Exalted is He, has mentioned the expression subhāna (“glory be”) in twenty-five places in the Quran. Each instance entails either the affirmation of an attribute worthy of praise or the negation of a blameworthy attribute 7. Among them are His words, Exalted is He: “Glory be to Him! Rather, to Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and on earth; all are devoutly obedient to Him.” 8 And His words, Exalted is He: “Glory be to your Lord, the Lord

(1) Surah al-Nūr, verses 36–37. (2) Surah al-Isrāʾ, verse 44. (3) Surah Sād, verses 18–19. (4) Surah al-Nūr, verse 41. (5) Surah al-Hashr, verse 1. (6) Surah al-Taghābun, verse 1. (7) See al-Fīrūzābādī, *Basāʾir Dhawī al-Tamyīz*, 3:176. (8) Surah al-Baqarah, verse 116.

وَالآصَالِ رِجَالٌ لاَ تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلاَبَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ﴾ ١، الآية. وأما التي في الحيوانات والجمادات فمنها قوله تعالى: ﴿تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمَوَاتُ السَّبْعُ وَالأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ وَإِن مِن شَيْءٍ إِلاَّ يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَلَكِن لاَ تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيماً غَفُوراً﴾ ٢، وقوله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّا سَخَّرْنَا الجِبَالَ مَعَهُ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالعَشِيِّ وَالإِشْرِاقِ وَالطَّيْرَ مَحْشُورَةً كُلٌّ لَهُ أَوَّابٌ﴾ ٣، وقوله تعالى: ﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللهَ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ مَن فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَالطَّيْرُ صَآفَّاتٍ كُلٌّ قَدْ عَلِمَ صَلاَتَهُ وَتَسْبِيحَهُ وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ﴾ ٤. وأما التي لعموم المخلوقات فمنها قوله تعالى: ﴿سَبَّحَ للهِ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الأَرْضِ وَهُوَ العَزِيزُ الحَكِيمُ﴾ ٥، وقوله تعالى: ﴿يُسَبِّحُ للهِ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الأَرْضِ لَهُ المُلْكُ وَلَهُ الحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كَلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ﴾ ٦. وقد ذكر الله تعالى لفظة ﴿سُبْحَانَ﴾ في القرآن في خمسة وعشرين موضعاً، في ضمن كلِّ واحد منها إثباتُ صفة من صفات المدح، أو نفيُ صفة من صفات الذم٧، ومنها قوله تعالى: ﴿سُبْحاَنَهُ بَلْ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ كُلٌّ لَهُ قَانِتُونَ﴾ ٨، وقوله تعالى: ﴿سُبْحَانَ رَبِّكَ رَبِّ

١ سورة النور، الآية: (٣٦،٣٧) . ٢ سورة الإسراء، الآية: (٤٤) . ٣ سورة ص، الآية: (١٨،١٩) . ٤ سورة النور، الآية: (٤١) . ٥ سورة الحشر، الآية: (١) . ٦ سورة التغابن، الآية: (١) . ٧ انظر: بصائر ذوي التمييز للفيروزابادي (٣/١٧٦) . ٨ سورة البقرة، الآية: (١١٦) .