and made a grammatical error. Even if a person repeated Allah’s name a million times, he would not thereby become a believer or deserve Allah’s reward or His Paradise, for disbelievers of every religion utter the name in isolation, whether or not they acknowledge Him and His oneness. Thus, even where He commands us to mention His name—as in His words, “So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allah over it” 1; “Do not eat of that over which the name of Allah has not been mentioned” 2; “Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High” 3; and “So glorify the name of your Lord, the Magnificent” 4, as well as similar passages—mentioning His name takes the form of a complete statement, such as saying, “In the name of Allah,” “Glory be to my Lord, the Most High,” or “Glory be to my Lord, the Magnificent,” and the like. Uttering the bare name has never been prescribed; doing so neither fulfills a command nor renders game, a slaughtered animal, or anything else lawful.”

He continued until he said—may Allah have mercy on him: “What we have mentioned thus establishes that remembrance using the bare name is not recommended, let alone that it should be the remembrance of the elite. Even further removed is remembrance using the pronoun—namely, ‘He’—for this pronoun does not in itself designate anyone in particular. Rather, its referent depends on something previously mentioned or otherwise known that explains it, so its meaning ultimately depends on the speaker’s purpose and intention.”5

Elsewhere he said: “Remembrance using the singular pronoun is even further removed from