Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (1/169)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

And it is the covenant mentioned in His saying: “None will have the power to intercede except those who have taken a covenant with the Most Compassionate.” 1 It is narrated that Ibn Abbās—may Allah be pleased with them both—said: “The covenant is the testimony that there is no deity worthy of worship but Allah, together with disavowing before Allah, Mighty and Majestic, any power or strength of one’s own. It is the foundation of all piety.” 2

— Another of its virtues is that it is the firmest handhold: whoever holds fast to it will be saved, and whoever does not will perish. Allah Most High says: “Whoever rejects false gods and believes in Allah has grasped the firmest handhold.” 3 He also says: “Whoever submits himself wholly to Allah and does good has grasped the firmest handhold.” 4

— Another of its virtues is that it is the enduring word that Abraham, Allah’s close friend—peace be upon him—established among his descendants so that they might return. Allah Most High says: “And remember when Abraham said to his father and his people, ‘I entirely disavow whatever you worship, except the One who created me, for He will surely guide me.’ He made it an enduring word among his descendants so that they might return.” 5

— It is also the word of piety to which Allah bound the Companions of the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—and they were most deserving and worthy of it. Allah Most High says: “When the disbelievers harbored bigotry in their hearts—the bigotry of the Age of Ignorance—Allah sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and the believers and bound them to the word of piety. They were most deserving and worthy of it. Allah has full knowledge of all things.” 6.

(1) Surah Maryam, verse 87. (2) Narrated by al-Tabarānī in al-Duʿāʾ (3/1518). (3) Surah al-Baqarah, verse 256. (4) Surah Luqmān, verse 22. (5) Surah al-Zukhruf, verses 26–28.

وهي العهد في قوله تعالى: ﴿لاَ يَمْلِكُونَ الشَّفَاعَةَ إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ عِنْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ عَهْدًا﴾ ١، روي عن ابن عباس ﵄ أنَّه قال: "العهد: شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله، ويتبرّأ إلى الله ﷿ من الحول والقوة، وهي رأس كلِّ تقوى"٢. ـ ومن فضائلها: أنَّها العروة الوثقى التي من تمسّك بها نجا، ومن لم يتمسّك بها هلك، قال تعالى: ﴿فَمَن يَّكْفُرْ بِالطَّاغُوتِ وَيُؤْمِنْ بِاللهِ فَقَدِ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الْوُثْقَى﴾ ٣، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَمَن يُسْلِمْ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَهُوَ مُحْسِنٌ فَقَدِ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الوُثْقَى﴾ ٤. ـ ومن فضائلها: أنَّها الكلمة الباقية التي جعلها إبراهيم الخليل ﵇ في عقِبِه لعلهم يرجعون، قال الله تعالى: ﴿وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ إِنَّنِي بَرَآءٌ مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي فَطَرَنِي فَإِنَّهُ سَيَهْدِينِ وَجَعَلَهَا كَلِمَةً بَاقِيَةً فِي عَقِبِهِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ﴾ ٥. ـ وهي كلمة التقوى التي ألزمها الله أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ وكانوا أحقَّ بها وأهلَها، قال الله تعالى: ﴿إِذْ َجَعَلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْحَمِيَّةَ حَمِيَّةَ الْجَاِهِلِيَّةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَعَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَلْزَمَهُمْ كَلِمَةَ التَّقْوَى وَكَانُوا أَحَقَّ بِهَا وَأَهْلَهَا وَكَانَ اللهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا﴾ ٦.

١ سورة مريم، الآية: (٨٧) . ٢ رواه الطبراني في الدعاء (٣/١٥١٨) . ٣ سورة البقرة، الآية: (٢٥٦) . ٤ سورة لقمان، الآية: (٢٢) . ٥ سورة الزخرف، الآية: (٢٦ ـ ٢٨) .