As for intentional killing and accidental killing, both are explicitly mentioned in the Noble Quran. Allah, the Exalted, says: “It is not for a believer to kill another believer—except by mistake. Whoever kills a believer by mistake must set free a believing slave and pay blood-money to the victim’s family, unless they forgo it as charity…” until His words: “And whoever kills a believer intentionally—his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide forever; Allah is angry with him, has cursed him, and prepared for him a tremendous punishment.”

Quasi-intentional killing, however, is proven by the purified Sunnah. ʿAmr ibn Shuʿayb, from his father, from his grandfather, reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: “The diya (blood-money) for quasi-intentional homicide, with its aggravated amount, is the same as the diya for intentional homicide, yet the killer is not executed. This applies when Satan stirs people against one another so that blood is shed without prior enmity and without the use of weapons.” Narrated by Aḥmad and Abū Dāwūd.

ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr also narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Be aware that the victim of accidental quasi-intentional killing—the one slain by a whip or a stick—incurs a compensation of one hundred camels, forty of them pregnant.” Narrated by the Five except al-Tirmidhī.

Thus, intentional homicide is defined as deliberately killing a person whom one knows to be inviolable, using a means that is normally expected to cause death.

From this definition we understand that homicide is not deemed intentional unless the following conditions are met: