the sale of grapes until they have turned black.” It was narrated by Aḥmad, and all of its transmitters are reliable.

The sign of ripeness in the rest of the fruits—such as apples, melons, pomegranates, apricots, peaches, walnuts, and the like—is that maturity becomes apparent and the fruit tastes good, for the Prophet ﷺ said, “He forbade the sale of fruit until it is wholesome,” agreed upon; in another wording, “until it is pleasant to eat.”

With produce such as cucumbers, the indication of ripeness is that people customarily eat it.

The mark of ripeness in grain is that it hardens and turns white, for the Prophet ﷺ set the hardening of the grain as the limit beyond which its sale becomes valid.