he simply intend the pilgrimage rite on the other person’s behalf, even if he does not mention him by name. Should he be unaware of that person’s name or family line, he pronounces the talbiyah for “the one who handed me the money so that I might perform ḥajj for him.”

It is recommended for a Muslim to perform the pilgrimage for his parents—whether they have passed away or are still living but physically unable to go themselves—and he should give precedence to his mother, for she is more entitled to his dutifulness.