al-Moulakhas al-FiqhiSalih Al-Fawzan

Two notes of caution

First note: Situations in which hunting is forbidden:
• A pilgrim in the state of ihram may neither kill land game, hunt it, nor assist others in hunting it—whether by directing them, signaling, or any other means—for Allah says, “O you who believe, do not kill game while you are in a state of ihram” (Q 5:95).
• He is likewise forbidden to eat any animal that he himself hunted, contributed to hunting, or was hunted on his behalf, as Allah says, “Land game is forbidden to you as long as you remain in ihram” (Q 5:96).
• There is also a place where hunting is prohibited: the Meccan Sanctuary (ḥaram). By unanimous agreement, it is unlawful for both pilgrims and non-pilgrims to kill its game, on account of the report of Ibn ʿAbbās (d. 68 AH) who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, proclaimed on the day Mecca was conquered, “Indeed, this city was declared sacred by Allah the day He created the heavens and the earth. It will remain sacred, by Allah’s decree, until the Day of Resurrection: its thorns are not to be cut, its vegetation is not to be uprooted, and its game is not to be driven away,” and so forth.

Second note: Keeping a dog for any purpose other than those the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, permitted is forbidden. The concession covers only three cases: for hunting, for guarding livestock, or for guarding crops. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever keeps a dog—except one for herding livestock, hunting, or guarding crops—his reward diminishes each day by one qirāṭ.” Agreed upon.

تنبيهان التنبيه الأول: هناك حالات يحرم فيها الصيد: فيحرم على المحرم قتل صيد البر أو اصطياده والإعانة على صيده بدلالة أو إشارة أو غير ذلك؛ لقوله تعالى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ﴾ . ويحرم عليه الأكل مما صاده أو كان له تأثير في اصطياده أو صيد من أجله؛ لقوله تعالى: ﴿وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَرِّ مَا دُمْتُمْ حُرُماً﴾ . وكذلك هناك محل يحرم فيه الصيد، فيحرم قتل صيد الحرم على المحرم وغير المحرم بإجماع؛ لحديث ابن عباس ﵄ قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسل يوم فتح مكة: "إن هذا البلد حرمه الله يوم خلق السماوات والأرض، فهو حرام بحرمة الله إلى يوم القيامة؛ لا يعضد شوكه، ولا يختلى خلاه، ولا ينفر صيده" الحديث. التنبيه الثاني: يحرم اقتناء الكلب لغير ما رخص فيه الرسول صلى الله عليه وسل، وهو أحد ثلاثة أمور: إما لصيد، أو لحراسة ماشية، أو لحراسة زرع؛ قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسل: "من اتخذ كلبا؛ إلا كلب ماشية أو صيد أو زرع؛ انتقص من أجره كل يوم قيراط"، متفق عليه.

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