al-Moulakhas al-FiqhiSalih Al-Fawzan

Allah has imparted to you. Training a hunting animal means that when its owner releases it, it bolts; when he calls it back, it returns; and when it seizes the quarry, it holds it for its master until he comes, without keeping it for itself.

Third condition: the hunter must release the implement with the deliberate intention of hunting. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “When you send forth your trained dog and mention the name of Allah over it, then eat.” Agreed upon. This ḥadīth shows that releasing the predator stands in the place of slaughter, so intention is indispensable. If the weapon were to fall from his hand and then kill game, the meat would not be lawful because no intent was present. The same applies if the dog slips away on its own and kills; the quarry is unlawful, for the owner neither released it nor intended it. By contrast, if someone shoots at one animal but the projectile strikes another—or even several—the whole catch is lawful, because the intent to hunt was there.

Fourth condition: pronouncing the tasmiyah when loosing the arrow or the hunting animal by saying, “In the name of Allah.” Allah says, “Do not eat of that over which the name of Allah has not been mentioned” (Q 6:121), and, “So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allah over it” (Q 5:4). The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, likewise said, “When you send forth your trained dog and mention the name of Allah over it, then eat,” agreed upon. If the tasmiyah is omitted, the game is unlawful, as understood from the verse and the narrations.

It is recommended to add “Allahu akbar” together with the tasmiyah, just as is done in ritual slaughter, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, when slaughtering would say, “In the name of Allah; Allah is the Greatest.”

علمكم الله، وتعليم الجارح: أنه إذا أرسله؛ استرسل، وإذا أشلاه؛ استشلى، وإذا أخذ الصيد؛ أمسكه على صاحبه حتى يجيء إليه، ولا يمسكه لنفسه. الشرط الثالث: أن يرسل الآلة قاصدًا للصيد؛ لقوله صلى الله عليه وسل: "إذا أرسلت كلبك المعلم، وذكرت اسم الله عليه؛ فكل"، متفق عليه، فدل الحديث على أن إرسال الجارحة يمنزلة الذبح، فيشترط له القصد، فلو سقطت الآلة من يده، فقلت صيدًا؛ لم يحل؛ لعدم القصد منه، وكذا لو استرسل الكلب من نفسه، فقتل صيدًا؛ لم يحل؛ لعدم إرسال حاصبه له، وعدم قصده، ومن رمى صيدًا، فأصاب غيره؛ قتل جماعة من الصيود؛ حل الجميع؛ لوجود القصد. الشرط الرابع: التسمية عند إرسال السهم أو الجارحة؛ بأن يقول: بسم الله لقوله تعالى: ﴿وَلا تَأْكُلُوا مِمَّا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ﴾ ، وقوله تعالى: ﴿فَكُلُوا مِمَّا أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَاذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْه﴾ ، وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسل: "إذا أرسلت كلبك المعلم، وذكرت اسم الله عليه؛ فكل"، متفق عليه فإن ترك التسمية؛ لم يحل الصيد؛ لمفهوم الآية والأحاديث. ويسن أن يقوم مع التسمية: الله أكبر؛ كما يقال ذلك في الذكاة؛ لأن النبي صلى الله عليه وسل كان إذا ذبح؛ يقول: "بسم الله، والله أكبر".

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