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Third: guiding people and inviting them (1) to Allah and His Messenger (2):
Allah, Exalted is He, says: “Who speaks better than one who calls others to Allah, acts righteously, and says, ‘Indeed, I am of the Muslims’.” [Fussilat: 33]
Al-Hasan al-Basri (3) said, “He is Allah’s beloved, Allah’s intimate; he surrendered to Allah, obeyed Him, and summoned His creation to Him.” (4) Such people (5) are the very best of humankind and will enjoy the highest rank with Allah on the Day of Resurrection (6).
They are Allah’s select band—glorified be He—(7) set apart from the losers. Allah the Exalted says: “By Time (1), indeed man is in utter loss (2) except those who believe, do righteous deeds, and counsel one another to truth—”
(2:456-458).
(1) “And their calling” is omitted in manuscript C.
(2) “And His Messenger” is omitted in manuscript C.
(3) “Al-Basri” is omitted in manuscript C.
(4) Ibn al-Mubarak reported it in al-Zuhd, 2:841, report no. 1120; al-Tabari also reported it in his Tafsir, 21:469. Both transmit it with the following wording, with slight variation between them: “When he recited, ‘Who is better in speech than one who calls to Allah, does righteous deeds, and says, “Indeed, I am among the Muslims”?’ (Quran 41:33), he said: ‘This is Allah’s beloved; this is Allah’s close friend; this is Allah’s chosen one; this is Allah’s best one; this is the most beloved of the people of the earth to Allah. He responded to Allah’s call and called people to that to which he had responded in answer to Allah’s call; he did righteous deeds in responding, and said, “Indeed, I am among those who submit” to his Lord. This is Allah’s khalifah (vicegerent).’” Al-Zuhd, 2:841-842.
(5) “The type” is omitted in manuscript C.
(6) “And the highest of them in rank with Allah on the Day of Resurrection” is omitted in manuscript C.
(7) Manuscript B reads, “and it is His exception, exalted is He,” in place of “and they are Allah’s exception, exalted is He”; manuscript C instead reads, “and it is the exception.”
الثالت: هداية الخلق ودعوتهم (١) إلى الله ورسوله (٢):
قال تعالى: ﴿وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ قَوْلًا مِمَّنْ دَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا وَقَالَ إِنَّنِي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ﴾ [فصلت: ٣٣]. قال الحسن البصري (٣): "هذا حبيب الله، هذا ولي الله، أسلم لله، وعمل بطاعته، ودعا الخلق إليه" (٤)، فهذا النوع (٥) أفضل أنواع الإنسان وأعلاهم درجة عند الله يوم القيامة (٦).
وهم ثَنيَّة الله - سبحانه - (٧) من الخاسرين، قال تعالى: ﴿وَالْعَصْرِ (١) إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ (٢) إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ
= (٢/ ٤٥٦ - ٤٥٨).
(١) (ودعوتهم) ساقطة من ج.
(٢) (ورسوله) ساقطة من ج.
(٣) (البصري) ساقطة من ج.
(٤) رواه ابن المبارك في الزهد (٢/ ٨٤١)، أثر رقم (١١٢٠)، ورواه الطبري في تفسيره (٢١/ ٤٦٩).
وهو عندهما باللفظ التالي -مع اختلاف يسير بينهما-: "كان إذا تلا ﴿وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ قَوْلًا مِمَّنْ دَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا وَقَالَ إِنَّنِي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (٣٣)﴾ [فصلت: ٣٣] قال: هذا حبيب الله، هذا ولي الله، هذا صفوة الله، هذا خيرة الله، هذا أحب أهل الأرض إلى الله، أجاب الله في دعوته، ودعا الناس إلى ما أجاب الله فيه من دعوته، وعمل صالحًا في إجابته، وقال: إنني من المسلمين لربه، هذا خليفة الله"، (الزهد ٢/ ٨٤١ - ٨٤٢).
(٥) (النوع) ساقطة من ج.
(٦) (وأعلاهم درجة عند الله يوم القيامة) ساقطة من ج.
(٧) في ب (وهو ثنيته سبحانه) بدل (وهم ثنية الله سبحانه)، وفي ج (وهو المستثنى) بدلها.