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it is the plunging of the people of misconceptions. Then He said, “Those are the ones whose deeds have come to nothing in this world and the Hereafter, and they are indeed the losers.” (at-Tawba 9:69) (1), whereby the Almighty links the futility of deeds and ultimate loss to following base desires—namely, taking one’s allotted share—and to following misconceptions—namely, plunging into falsehood (2).
Section (3)
Just as the Exalted One made leadership in religion contingent upon patience and certainty (4), this verse contains two further principles (5):
- Calling to Allah and guiding His creation (6).
- Guiding them by what He has commanded (7) through the tongue of His Messenger ﷺ, not according to their own intellects, opinions, political stratagems, personal tastes (8), or the blind imitation of their forefathers (9) without proof from Allah; for He said, “they guide by Our command…” (as-Sajda 32:24) (10).
(1) Manuscript C reads: “Engaging in falsehood concerning Allah’s religion means engaging in specious doubts,” in place of: “Then He said: ‘You engaged in vain discourse as they did ... they are the losers.’”
(2) Manuscript C reads “thereby” in place of the passage from “by following desires” to “in falsehood.”
(3) Omitted in manuscript C.
(4) Manuscript C reads “by what has been mentioned” in place of “by patience and certainty.”
(5) The word “others” is omitted in manuscript C.
(6) Manuscript C reads: “One of the two is: guiding Allah’s creation.”
(7) Manuscript C reads “that it is through what He commanded” in place of “guiding them through what He commanded”; the phrase “through it” is omitted in manuscript B.
(8) The phrase “and their subjective tastes” is omitted in manuscript B.
(9) Manuscript C reads “opinions, subjective tastes, and imitation of the forebears” in place of the passage from “their minds” to “their forebears.”
(10) The base manuscript additionally includes, in its quotation of the verse, “when they were patient.” This addition is absent from manuscript B and is more appropriate as supporting evidence.
قال: ﴿أُولَئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ (٦٩)﴾ [التوبة: ٦٩]، (١)، فعلق -سبحانه- حبوط الأعمال في الخسران باتباع الشهوات الذي هو الاستمتاع بالخلاق، وباتباع الشبهات الذي هو الخوض بالباطل (٢).
فصل (٣)
وكما أنه -سبحانه- علَّقَ الإمامة في الدين بالصبر واليقين (٤) فالآية متضمنة لأصلين آخرين (٥):
أحدهما: الدعوة إلى الله وهداية خلقه (٦).
الثاني: هدايتهم بما أمر به (٧) على لسان رسوله ﷺ، لا بمقتضى عقولهم، وآرائهم، وسياساتهم، وأذواقهم (٨)، وتقليد أسلافهم (٩) بغير برهان من الله؛ لأنه قال: ﴿يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا .... ﴾ [السجدة: ٢٤] (١٠).
(١) في ج (والخوض بالباطل في دين الله هو خوض الشبهات) بدل (ثم قال: ﴿وَخُضْتُمْ .... ﴾ إلى ﴿هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ﴾.
(٢) في ج (بذلك) بدل (باتباع الشهوات) إلى (بالباطل).
(٣) ساقطة من ج.
(٤) في ج (بما ذكر) بدل (بالصبر واليقين).
(٥) (آخرين) ساقطة من ج.
(٦) في ج (أحدهما: هداية خلق الله).
(٧) في ج (أنها بما أمر به) بدل (هدايتهم بما أمر به)، و (به) ساقطة من ب.
(٨) (وأذواقهم) ساقطة من ب.
(٩) في ج (الآراء والأذواق وتقليد الأسلاف) بدلًا (عقولهم) إلى (أسلافهم).
(١٠) زاد في إيراد الآية في الأصل ﴿لَمَّا صَبَرُوا﴾ ولم ترد هذه الزيادة في ب، وهو =