Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-MustaqīmIbn Taimiya

“Indeed, We sent down the Torah containing guidance and light; the prophets who had submitted judged by it for the Jews, as did the devout scholars and the rabbis, in accordance with what they were entrusted to preserve of Allah’s Book.” (al-Māʾidah 5:44)

Concerning Bilqis He says:
“My Lord, I have wronged myself, yet I now submit together with Solomon to Allah, Lord of all worlds.” (an-Naml 27:44)

Regarding the disciples of Jesus He says:
“And [remember] when I inspired the disciples: ‘Believe in Me and in My Messenger.’ They said, ‘We have believed; so bear witness that we are indeed those who submit.’” (al-Māʾidah 5:111)

He also says:
“Our Lord, we have believed in what You have revealed and we have followed the Messenger; so record us among the witnesses.” (Āl ʿImrān 3:53)

And He says:
“Who could have a better religion than one who turns his face to Allah in full submission, excels in righteous deeds, and follows the upright creed of Abraham? For Allah took Abraham as an intimate friend.” (an-Nisāʾ 4:125)

He further says:
“They say, ‘No one will enter Paradise unless he is a Jew or a Christian.’ Such are their wishful fancies. Say, ‘Produce your proof if you are truthful.’ No indeed! Whoever submits his face to Allah while excelling in deeds—his reward is with his Lord; no fear shall be upon them, nor shall they grieve.” (al-Baqarah 2:111–112)

The expression “submits his face to Allah” has been explained as encompassing the sincere directing of one’s intention solely to Allah, which is

(1) Qurʾan, Surah al-Maʾidah, from verse 44. (2) Qurʾan, Surah al-Naml, from verse 44. (3) Qurʾan, Surah al-Maʾidah, verse 111. (4) The printed edition adds: “from them as well.” (5) Qurʾan, Surah Al ʿImran, verse 53. (6) Qurʾan, Surah al-Nisaʾ, verse 125. (7) Qurʾan, Surah al-Baqarah, verses 111–112. (8) In manuscripts B, C, and D the word reads: yaqtadi (necessitates). (9) The printed edition inserts: “the servant’s intention that worship be directed to Allah alone,” a phrase not found in the manuscript copies.
{إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا التَّوْرَاةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا النَّبِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا لِلَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالْأَحْبَارُ بِمَا اسْتُحْفِظُوا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ} [المائدة: ٤٤] (١) . وقال تعالى عن بلقيس: {رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَأَسْلَمْتُ مَعَ سُلَيْمَانَ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} [النمل: ٤٤] (٢) . وقال تعالى عن أمة عيسى: {وَإِذْ أَوْحَيْتُ إِلَى الْحَوَارِيِّينَ أَنْ آمِنُوا بِي وَبِرَسُولِي قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَاشْهَدْ بِأَنَّنَا مُسْلِمُونَ} [المائدة: ١١١] (٣) . وقال تعالى: (٤) {رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا بِمَا أَنْزَلْتَ وَاتَّبَعْنَا الرَّسُولَ فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ} [آل عمران: ٥٣] (٥) . وقال تعالى: {وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ دِينًا مِمَّنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحْسِنٌ وَاتَّبَعَ مِلَّةَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَنِيفًا وَاتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا} [النساء: ١٢٥] (٦) . وقال تعالى: {وَقَالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى تِلْكَ أَمَانِيُّهُمْ قُلْ هَاتُوا بُرْهَانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ - بَلَى مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحْسِنٌ فَلَهُ أَجْرُهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ} [البقرة: ١١١ - ١١٢] (٧) . وقد فسر إسلام الوجه لله بما يتضمن (٨) إخلاص قصده (٩) لله، وهو
(١) سورة المائدة: من الآية ٤٤. (٢) سورة النمل: من الآية ٤٤. (٣) سورة المائدة: الآية ١١١. (٤) في المطبوعة زاد: عنهم أيضا. (٥) سورة آل عمران: الآية ٥٣. (٦) سورة النساء: الآية ١٢٥. (٧) سورة البقرة: الآيتان ١١١، ١١٢. (٨) في (ب ج د) : يقتضي. (٩) في المطبوعة: قصد العبد لله بالعبادة له وحده، وهي زيادة عما في النسخ المخطوطة.

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