Even so, he did not regard it as recommended; this is the view most widely reported from him.

A group of scholars from Kūfah and Madinah considered it disliked—among them Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī, Abū Ḥanīfah, Mālik, and others. Those who disapproved said, “It is an innovation, and therefore falls under the general prohibition—both in wording and in substance.” Those who permitted it replied, “Ibn ʿAbbās practiced it in Basra when he was acting as governor on behalf of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib—may Allah be pleased with them both—and no one objected to him. Whatever was done in the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs without objection cannot be considered an innovation.”

However, anything added to that—such as excessively raising one’s voice in supplication inside the mosques, or delivering various invalid sermons and poems—is reprehensible on this day and on others.

Al-Marwazī said: I heard Abū ʿAbdillāh say, “One ought to keep his supplication low, for the Exalted has said: ‘Do not raise your voice too loudly in your prayer, nor speak it in too subdued a tone’ (al-Isrāʾ 17:110).” He added, “This refers to supplication.” I also heard Abū ʿAbdillāh say that he disliked people raising their voices in supplication.

Al-Khallāl transmitted with a sound chain from Qatādah, who reported from Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib that he said, “People have introduced loudness into supplication.”

And Saʿīd ibn Abī ʿArūbah related that Mujālid ibn Saʿīd heard a group of people clamoring loudly in—