Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-MustaqīmIbn Taimiya

As for the very inception of such participation, the least that can be said of it is that it constitutes a sin. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—pointed to this exclusivity when he said, “Every people has its festival, and this is our festival.”

Joining them in their festival is even more reprehensible than wearing the zunnār—the distinctive belt worn by Christians—and other such emblems, for those are merely conventional markers, not part of their creed, whose sole purpose is to differentiate between Muslim and unbeliever. The festival itself, however, together with everything that accompanies it, is part of a religion that is accursed along with its adherents; thus, agreeing with them in it is to agree with them in the very causes that provoke Allah’s wrath and punishment.

If you wish to cast this as an analogical argument, you could say: it is one of the rites of unbelief, and so it is prohibited to imitate them in it just as it is prohibited to imitate them in any of their other rites—though in truth this case is even clearer than a partial analogy.

Moreover, every act of worship or customary practice peculiar to that day derives its distinctiveness solely from the fact that it is a designated day; were it like any other day, it would enjoy no such status. Hence, singling it out has no place whatsoever in the religion of Islam; indeed, it amounts to disbelief in it.

Second, what they do on their festivals is an act of disobedience to Allah, for it is either an innovation

(1) MS A reads: “al-zananir” (the Christian girdles). (2) MS A reads: “wa-sibghah,” while MS T has: “wa-sighah.” (3) MSS J and D read: “al-tamayyuz” (differentiation). (4) Analogical reasoning by representation (qiyas al-tamthil) consists in attaching one case to its counterpart: judging something as one has judged another because they share a common element. See Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmuʿ al-Fatawa 9:259, and al-Radd ʿala al-Mantiqiyyin p. 209. (5) The printed edition reads: “I said: the festival is a sharia.” This is clearer in meaning but differs from the manuscript copies. (6) He probably means by “partial analogy” (qiyas juzʾi) likening the festival to individual legal rulings—for example, comparing it to fasting: just as Muslims must not imitate unbelievers in their fasts, they must not imitate them in their festivals, for both belong to the divine law. Allah knows best. (7) The printed edition adds the phrase “min al-iʿtibar,” which should rather have been placed in the margin.
وأما مبدؤها فأقل أحواله: أن تكون معصية، وإلى هذا الاختصاص أشار النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بقوله: «إن لكل قوم عيدا، وإن هذا عيدنا» وهذا أقبح من مشاركتهم في لبس الزنار (١) ونحوه من علاماتهم؛ لأن تلك علامة وضعية (٢) ليست من الدين، وإنما الغرض منها مجرد التمييز (٣) بين المسلم والكافر، وأما العيد وتوابعه، فإنه من الدين الملعون هو وأهله، فالموافقة فيه موافقة فيما يتميزون به من أسباب سخط الله وعقابه. وإن شئت أن تنظم هذا قياسا تمثيليا (٤) قلت: (٥) شريعة من شرائع الكفر، أو شعيرة من شعائره، فحرمت موافقتهم فيها كسائر شعائر الكفر وشرائعه، وإن كان هذا أبين من القياس الجزئي (٦) . ثم كل ما يختص به ذلك من عبادة وعادة، فإنما سببه هو كونه يوما مخصوصا، وإلا فلو كان كسائر الأيام لم يختص بشيء، وتخصيصه ليس من دين الإسلام في شيء، بل هو كفر به. الوجه الثاني (٧) أن ما يفعلونه في أعيادهم معصية لله؛ لأنه إما محدث
(١) في (أ) : الزنانير. (٢) في (أ) : وصبغة. وفي (ط) : وصيغة. (٣) في (ج د) : التميز. (٤) قياس التمثيل هو إلحاق الشيء بنظيره، وهو الحكم على شيء بما حكم به على غيره بناء على جامع مشترك بينهما. انظر: مجموع الفتاوى للمؤلف (٩ / ٢٥٩) ، والرد على المنطقيين للمؤلف أيضًا (ص٢٠٩) . (٥) في المطبوعة: قلت: العيد شريعة. وهو أوضح للمعنى لكنه خلاف النسخ المخطوطة. (٦) لعله يقصد بالقياس الجزئي: قياس العيد على مفردات الشرائع وجزئياتها، كقياس العيد على الصوم، كما أنه لا يجوز متابعة الكفار في صومهم، فكذلك لا تجوز متابعتهم في عيدهم، لأن كلا منهما من الشرائع، والله أعلم. (٧) في المطبوعة زاد: من الاعتبار. وكان الأولى أن يجعله تهميشا.

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