Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-MustaqīmIbn Taimiya

Someone may contend that the report is contradicted by, or has been annulled by, another text. Yet standing in the prayer is not, in reality, an act of imitation; therefore it cannot be deemed objectionable. Whenever a legal ruling is linked to a given rationale and is then set aside while that very rationale remains, this can only be because some other consideration outweighed it at the moment of abrogation, or because the rationale’s force weakened—not because the rationale itself was invalid, for that is impossible. All of this would hold only if the ruling here had truly been abrogated. How much more so when the correct view is that this ḥadith is still operative! More than one Companion acted upon it after the passing of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, even though they were aware that he prayed sitting during his final illness.

Furthermore, the Prophet’s command regarding it has come down to us through numerous clear and sound transmissions, making it impossible for the report of his illness to override them, as is detailed elsewhere: either because both modes are permissible—standing does not contradict sitting—or because a distinction exists between the one who begins the prayer seated and the prayer the imam began standing, since the former is not included

(1) The printed edition reads: “or about abrogation.” (2) The printed edition reads: “then it is necessary that…”. (3) MS B reads: yurajjih (“deems it stronger”). (4) The printed edition reads: al-naskh (“abrogation”). (5) That is, the ʿilla—the legal cause on the basis of which the ruling was formulated. (6) MS B reads: al-nabi (“the Prophet”). (7) The printed edition reads: bi-salatihi (“with his prayer”). (8) The printed edition adds: alladhi tuwuffiya fihi (“in which he passed away”). (9) Among the Companions who practiced this were Jabir ibn ʿAbd Allah, Usayd ibn Hudayr, Abu Hurayra, and others. See: al-Baghawi, Sharh al-Sunna 3:422, chapter “When the imam prays seated.” (10) The printed edition reads: hadith marad mawti-hi (“the hadith of his final illness”). (11) MS B reads: li-jawaz (“for the permissibility”). (12) MS B reads: bi-s-sala (“in the prayer”). (13) The printed edition reads: wa-bayna as-sala (“and between the prayer”).
عن معارض أو (١) نسخ؛ لأن القيام في الصلاة ليس بمشابهة في الحقيقة فلا يكون محذورا فالحكم إذا علل بعلة، ثم نسخ مع بقاء العلة، فلا بد من أن (٢) يكون غيرها ترجح (٣) عليها وقت الناسخ (٤) أو ضعف تأثيرها أما أن تكون (٥) في نفسها باطلة فهذا محال هذا كله لو كان الحكم هنا منسوخا فكيف، والصحيح أن هذا الحديث محكم قد عمل به غير واحد من الصحابة بعد وفاة رسول (٦) الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مع كونهم علموا صلاته (٧) في (٨) مرضه (٩) . وقد استفاض عنه صلى الله عليه وسلم الأمر به استفاضة صحيحة صريحة يمتنع معها أن يكون حديث المرض (١٠) ناسخا له على ما هو مقرر في غير هذا الموضع إما (١١) بجواز الأمرين إذ فعل القيام لا ينافي فعل القعود، وإما بالفرق بين المبتدئ (١٢) للصلاة قاعدا و (١٣) الصلاة التي ابتدأها الإمام قائما لعدم دخول
(١) في المطبوعة: أو عن نسخ. (٢) في المطبوعة: فلا بد أن. (٣) في (ب) : يرجح. (٤) في المطبوعة: النسخ. (٥) أي العلة التي علل بها الحكم. (٦) في (ب) : النبي. (٧) في المطبوعة: بصلاته. (٨) في المطبوعة زاد: الذي توفى فيه. (٩) ممن عمل به من الصحابة: جابر بن عبد الله، وأسيد بن حضير، وأبو هريرة وغيرهم. انظر: شرح السنة للبغوي (٣ / ٤٢٢) في باب إذا صلى الإمام قاعدا. (١٠) في المطبوعة: حديث مرض موته. (١١) في (ب) : لجواز. (١٢) في (ب) : بالصلاة. (١٣) في المطبوعة: وبين الصلاة.

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