Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm - Ibn Taimiya - (1/181)

Iqtiḍāʾ al-Ṣirāṭ al-MustaqīmIbn Taimiya

He reproached the People of the Two Scriptures and warned against following their ways, saying, “Those are the remnants they have left in their hermitages.” This, indeed, is a very broad subject.

Prohibition of allying with and loving the unbelievers

The Exalted One says:
“O you who believe, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies; they are allies of one another. Whoever among you allies himself with them is surely one of them.” (Qur’an 5:51)

He, glorified is He, also says:
“Have you not seen those who befriend a people with whom Allah is angry? They are neither of you nor of them.” (Qur’an 58:14)

With this He censures the hypocrites who aligned themselves with the Jews … until His words:
“You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day showing affection to those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even though they be their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their clan. Such are the ones in whose hearts He has inscribed faith and whom He has strengthened with a spirit from Him …” (Qur’an 58:22)

—up to His statement—
“Those are the party of Allah.” (Qur’an 58:22)

And He, the Most High, also says:

(1) Manuscripts B and the printed edition read yaʿību bihi (“he criticises him for it”). (2) The printed edition adds: “and he warns us against agreeing with them.” (3) Al-ṣawāmiʿ (monastic cells) is the plural of ṣawmiʿa, a structure used by Christians for worship whose top tapers to a point; see al-Qamus al-Muhit, section ʿayn, chapter ṣad, 2/53. (4) This is part of a longer hadith transmitted by Abu Dawud, Sunan, Book of Etiquette, chapter “On envy,” no. 4904 (5/209). Its narrators are reliable, although Ibn Abi al-ʿUmayya is classed as “acceptable.” (5) Quran, Surah al-Maʾidah, verse 51. (6) Quran, Surah al-Mujadilah, verse 14. (7) Quran, Surah al-Mujadilah, verse 22.

يعيب (١) أهل الكتابين ويحذر موافقتهم (٢) «فتلك بقاياهم في الصوامع» (٣) (٤) وهذا باب واسع جدا. [النهي عن موالاة الكفار ومودتهم] وقال سبحانه: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ} [المائدة: ٥١] (٥) وقال سبحانه: {أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا هُمْ مِنْكُمْ وَلَا مِنْهُمْ} [المجادلة: ١٤] (٦) يعيب بذلك المنافقين الذين تولوا اليهود. . . إلى قوله: {لَا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُولَئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْإِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ} [المجادلة: ٢٢] إلى قوله: {أُولَئِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ} [المجادلة: ٢٢] (٧) . وقال تعالى:

(١) في (ب ط) : يعيب به. (٢) في المطبوعة: ويحذرنا عن موافقتهم. (٣) الصوامع جمع صومعة وهي: بناء يتخذه النصارى للعبادة يكون رأسه دقيقا. وانظر: القاموس المحيط، باب العين، فصل الصاد (٢ / ٥٣) . (٤) هذا جزء من حديث طويل أخرجه أبو داود في سننه، كتاب الأدب، باب في الحسد، الحديث رقم (٤٩٠٤) ، (٥ / ٢٠٩) ، ورجاله ثقات وفيهم ابن أبي العمياء مقبول. (٥) سورة المائدة: الآية ٥١. (٦) سورة المجادلة: الآية ١٤. (٧) سورة المجادلة: الآية ٢٢.