Defining the frontier zones and the ruling on guarding them
9- The frontier zones (thughur) are those lands adjacent¹ to the enemy—whether polytheists or People of the Book—where the enemy strikes fear into their inhabitants and the inhabitants² in turn alarm the enemy. By unanimous agreement of the Muslims, stationing oneself there on guard duty (murabata) is superior to residing near the Two Sanctuaries.
10- Indeed, guarding these frontiers is an obligation upon the Muslims: at times a personal duty³ and at other times a communal one.

The ruling on taking up residence
11- As for residing near the Two Sanctuaries (mujawara), it is not obligatory by consensus; rather, the scholars differ as to whether it is recommended or disliked.
12- Two groups⁴ of scholars—among the followers of Malik and al-Shafiʿi⁵—deemed it recommended, while others, such as Abu Hanifah and the like⁶, regarded it as disliked.

Proofs cited by those who consider it disliked