that he was not in a state of ritual purity; even so, the stronger opinion is that it is permissible to make the prostration without ablution.

Some have further maintained that the duty to prostrate has been abrogated in Surah an-Najm alone, unlike Surahs Iqraʾ (al-ʿAlaq) and al-Inshiqāq. For it is soundly reported that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—prostrated when reciting those two, and that Abū Hurayrah prostrated with him, and Abū Hurayrah accepted Islam only after Khaybar. This invalidates the claim of those who say that he never prostrated in the mufassal sūrahs after the Hijrah. As for Surah an-Najm, Zayd’s report is explicit that he did not prostrate in it,