Chapter on Claims and Evidence

The claimant is the party who, if he were to keep silent, the matter would be dismissed, whereas the defendant is the one who, even if he kept silent, the matter would not be dismissed.

A claim or a denial is valid only when made by someone who is legally competent to transact.

If both litigants dispute a specific item that happens to be in the possession of one of them, the item is awarded to the possessor upon his oath, unless he can present evidence, in which case no oath is required.

Should each party present evidence supporting his own claim, judgment is rendered for the one who is not in possession, and the evidence of the possessor is disregarded.