Zād al-Mustaqniʿ - Al-Hajjawi - (218)

Book of the Prescribed Penalties (Ḥudūd)

Introduction
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Book of the Prescribed Penalties

A ḥadd is due only upon one who is an adult, of sound mind, legally accountable, and aware that the act is forbidden. The penalty is carried out by the ruler (imām) or his deputy, and never inside a mosque.

When a man is flogged for a ḥadd he must stand, and the lashes are delivered with a whip that is neither brand-new nor worn out. He is not to be stretched out⦗1⦘, bound, or stripped; rather, he keeps on a shirt—or even two. The executioner must not strike so hard as to tear the skin, the blows are spread over the body, and the head, face, genitals, and vital organs are avoided. A woman is treated the same, except that she is flogged while seated; her clothing is tightened around her and her hands are held so that she is not exposed⦗2⦘.

The harshest flogging is for fornication, then for slander, then for drinking wine, and finally for the discretionary punishment (taʿzīr). If someone dies during the execution of a ḥadd, his death is legally justified⦗3⦘, and no pit is dug for the person who is to be stoned for adultery.

1) In manuscript J the text reads tumsaku yadaahu (“his hands are restrained”); a marginal note cites another copy with yumaddu (“are stretched out”). 2) In manuscript B the reading is tatakashshaf (“is uncovered”). 3) In manuscript J it appears as fa-al-hadd (“then the hadd”); the margin records a variant fa-al-haqq, while the Damascus Sharh edition printed in 1305 AH adds: wa-man mata fi hadd fahadar (“whoever dies during the hadd, his blood is not subject to retaliation”).

كتاب الحدود مدخل ... كتاب الحدود لا يجب الحد إلا على بالغ عاقل "ملتزم" عالم بالتحريم فيقيمه الإمام أو نائبه في غير مسجد. ويضرب الرجل في الحد قائما بسوط لا جديد ولا خلق ولا يمد١ ولا يربط ولا يجرد بل يكون عليه قميص أو قميصان ولا يبالغ بضربه بحيث يشق الجلد ويفرق الضرب على بدنه ويتقي الرأس والوجه والفرج والمقاتل والمرأة كالرجل فيه إلا أنها تضرب جالسة وتشد عليها ثيابها وتمسك يداها لئلا تنكشف٢. وأشد الجلد حد الزنا ثم القذف ثم الشرب ثم التعزيز ومن مات في حد فالحق٣ قتله ولا يحفر للمرجوم في الزنا.

١في "ج": تمسك يداه، وأشار في الهامش لنسخة: يمد. ٢في "ب": تتكشف. ٣في "ج": فالحد، وأشار في الهامش لنسخة: فالحق، وفي طبعة الشرح الشامية عام ١٣٠٥ هـ ـ: ومن مات في حد فهدر.