at a dummy, but it inadvertently strikes a human being he did not intend to hit; and likewise the deliberate act of a child or an insane person.1

Subsection

A group of killers is put to death for a single victim, and if retaliation (qiṣāṣ) is waived they must jointly pay one diyah (blood money).

Whoever coerces a legally accountable person to kill someone of equal status, and the coerced person carries it out, the death penalty or the diyah is due from both of them. If he instructs someone who is not legally accountable, or who is accountable yet ignorant of the prohibition, or if an unjust ruler orders a subordinate who is unaware of that injustice, and the killing takes place, retaliatory execution or diyah is required of the one who issued the order. But if the commanded, legally accountable person kills while knowing the prohibition2 of murder, liability rests upon him alone, not upon the one who ordered it.

If two people participate in a homicide and retaliation cannot be exacted from one of them individually—because he is the victim’s father or for some other reason—retaliatory execution is taken against his partner; and if the heirs choose financial compensation instead, that partner must pay half of the diyah.