and a wife against whom her husband has pronounced liʿān (mutual imprecation) is forever unlawful for that husband.

Everything that is forbidden through blood-kinship is likewise forbidden through breastfeeding, except the mother of one’s (milk-)sister and the sister of one’s (milk-)son.

By the marriage contract alone, the following women become permanently unlawful: the wife of one’s father, the wife of any forefather, and the wife of one’s son or any male descendant, however far down the line; this ruling, however, does not extend to those wives’ daughters or mothers. Likewise, a man’s wife’s mother and all her female ascendants become forbidden by the contract itself, whereas her daughter and the female descendants of her children become forbidden only after consummation. If the wife is separated irrevocably or dies before lawful privacy⦗1⦘ has occurred, those relatives again become permissible.

Section

For a temporary period⦗2⦘ the sister of a woman in her waiting period from him, the sister of his present wife, their respective daughters, and their paternal and maternal aunts are all forbidden to him; once the first woman is divorced and has completed her waiting period, they become permissible. If he attempts to marry any two women who cannot be combined, whether in a single contract or in two simultaneous contracts, both contracts are void. If one contract comes later, or is concluded while the other woman is still in her waiting period—be that waiting period for a revocable or an irrevocable divorce—the later contract is invalid.

Also forbidden are: a woman in her waiting period, a woman whose womb is being cleared on account of another man, an adulteress until she repents and completes her waiting period, a thrice-divorced wife until she has had lawful intercourse with another husband, and a woman in a state of iḥrām until she comes out of that state.

No non-Muslim man may marry a Muslim woman, and no Muslim man—even if he is a slave—may marry a non-Muslim woman unless she is a free woman from the People of the Book. A free Muslim man may not marry a Muslim female slave unless he fears hardship from celibacy, whether for companionship or for service, and is unable to afford the bride-price of a free woman as well as the purchase price of a slave woman. A male slave may not marry his female master, and a male master may not marry his own female slave. A free man may marry a female slave owned by his father, but not one owned by his son; likewise, a free woman may not marry the male slave of her child.