Chapter on Uterine Relatives (dhawu al-arḥām)

They inherit by the rule of substitution (tanzīl): males and females receive the same share. Thus,

• the offspring of daughters, and of sons’ daughters;
• the offspring of sisters, who stand in the place of their mothers1;
• the daughters of brothers and of paternal uncles—whether those brothers or uncles are full or consanguine—and the daughters of their sons;
• the offspring of uterine brothers, who stand in the place of their fathers;
• maternal uncles, maternal aunts, and the mother’s father, all of whom stand in the place of the mother;
• paternal aunts and a paternal uncle related through a mother, who stand in the place of the father.

Every grandmother who traces to the deceased through a male situated between two females—for example, the mother of the mother’s father—is counted as one of those two females. The same ruling applies to anyone connected through a male ancestor higher than the grandfather, such as the mother of the paternal grandfather’s father, the father of the mother of the father, the father of the mother of the mother, and the brothers and sisters of those two fathers. In every case, the entitlement of each heir is assigned to the person through whom he is related.