One must form the intention at the very moment he begins the first obligatory element of purification,1 namely the pronouncement of Bismillah. If any recommended act precedes an obligation, it is likewise recommended to formulate the intention at that point, to keep it in mind throughout the entire procedure, and to maintain its legal effect without interruption.

The proper manner of ablution is as follows: he intends, then says Bismillah,2 washes both hands three times, rinses the mouth, inhales water into the nose, and washes the face—from the hairline down to the bottom of the jawbones and the chin lengthwise, and from ear to ear breadthwise—together with any sparse facial hair and the outer surface of dense hair, including whatever hangs below the chin. He then washes both arms together with the elbows, wipes his entire head along with the ears once, and washes both feet including the ankles. An amputee washes whatever remains of the obligatory limb; if the limb is severed at the joint, he washes the stump of the upper arm. After finishing, he may lift his gaze toward the sky and recite the transmitted supplications. It is permissible for someone to assist him, and he may dry his limbs afterward.