and imprisoned whomever they imprisoned, flogging those they flogged, and mustering every resource—mounted and on foot—to enforce their view.

The godly scholars of this ummah then took a praiseworthy stand against those Jahmiyyah: they upheld the Sunnah, exposed the people of innovation, and laid bare their disgrace until their ignominy became plain for all to see.

The scholars are unanimous that whoever asserts the Jahmiyyah claim that the Quran is created has fallen into disbelief, and they produced both extensive and concise works refuting it.

After the blaze of the Jahmiyyah died down and the turmoil over the claim that the Quran is created was quenched, there remained in this ummah people who neither understood the language of the Salaf nor gave the Sunnah its due respect. Wishing to debate the Jahmiyyah, the Muʿtazilah, and those sects that agreed with them about the creation of the Quran, they themselves slipped into grave errors no less repugnant than the statement of the Jahmiyyah and Muʿtazilah. Indeed, the scholars branded anyone who adopted such errors a Jahmi. Out of this arose the so-called Lafziyyah, who declared, “Our utterances of the Quran are created.” The scholars were extremely severe in condemning this view.