Dalīl al-Ṭālib - Marʿi al-Karmi - (55)

Chapter on the Friday Prayer

It is obligatory for every legally accountable¹ male Muslim who is free and has no valid excuse.

It is likewise obligatory for a traveler² who is not permitted to shorten the prayer.

It is also obligatory for a resident living outside the town, provided that the distance between him and the place of the Friday prayer is one farsakh or less—that is, within the span of time needed to perform the prayer itself.

The obligation does not apply to anyone allowed to shorten the prayer, nor to a slave, a partially emancipated slave, or a woman. If any of these attend, the Friday prayer suffices for him, yet neither he nor anyone who is not a local resident is counted among the forty, and none of them may lead the congregation in this prayer.

(1) Manuscript N adds the word “rational.” The editor explains: Islam and reason are both conditions for legal responsibility and for the validity of worship, so the duty does not apply to an insane person or to a child. (2) Manuscript M adds the word “all.”

باب صلاة الجمعة تجب على كل ذكر مسلم مكلف١ حر لا عذر له. وكذا على ٢مسافر لا يباح له القصر. وعلى مقيم خارج البلد إذا كان بينهما وبين الجمعة وقت فعلها فرسخ فأقل. ولا تجب على من يباح له القصر ولا على عبد ومبعض وامرأة ومن حضرها منهم أجزأته ولا يحسب هو ولا من ليس من أهل البلد من الأربعين ولا تصح إمامتهم فيها.

١ في "ن" زيادة: "عاقل". وقال: لأن الإسلام والعقل شرطان للتكليف وصحة العبادة فلا تجب على مجنون ولا على صبي. ٢ في "م" زيادة: "كل".