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- If they seize property without killing anyone, their right hands and left feet must be amputated crosswise, obligatorily and in a single sitting.
- If they merely terrify the public without taking property, they are to be banished from the land; they may not be allowed to settle in any town until their repentance becomes manifest.
Whoever among them repents before falling into the authorities’ power is cleared of the rights due to Allah, but remains liable for the rights of other human beings.
Section
Whoever is threatened with harm1 to his person, his property, or his household2 must repel it with the least force necessary; if it cannot be averted except by killing, he may kill and incurs no sin or liability.
He is obliged to defend his household and that of others, and—outside times of civil strife—to defend his own life, the life of others, and his own property, but not the property of someone else3.
He is not required to protect that property from ordinary loss4 or from total destruction5.
(1) In manuscript “A” the reading is “adha” (harm).
(2) In manuscript “A” it reads “hurmatahu” (his inviolability).
(3) In manuscript “A” the variant is “ghayruhu” (someone else).
(4) Manuscript “M” has “min” in place of “an”.
(5) Al-dhaya (loss) is the disappearance of a thing from sight while it still exists, whereas al-halak (destruction) is the disappearance of the thing itself, such as when a liquid is consumed by drinking or pouring. Another interpretation takes al-dhaya to mean the death of an animal and al-halak its damage; here “aw al-halak” (“or destruction”) serves as an explanatory apposition. See Hashiyat al-Labadi, p. 407.
إن أخذوا مالا ولم يقتلوا: قطعت أيديهم وأرجلهم من خلاف حتما في آن واحد.
إن أخافوا الناس ولم يأخذوا مالا: نفوا من الأرض فلا يتركون يأوون إلى بلد حتى تظهر توبتهم.
ومن تاب منهم قبل القدرة عليه سقطت عنه حقوق الله تعالى وأخذ بحقوق الآدميين.
فصل
ومن أريد بأذى١ في نفسه أو ماله أو حريمه٢ دفعه بالأسهل فالأسهل فإن لم يندفع إلا بالقتل قتله ولا شيء عليه.
ويجب أن يدفع عن حريمه وحريم غيره وكذا في غير الفتنة عن نفسه ونفس غيره وماله لا مال نفسه٣.
ولا يلزمه حفظه عن٤ الضياع والهلاك٥.
١ في "أ" "أذى".
٢ في "أ" "حرمته".
٣ في "أ" "غيره".
٤ في "م" "من" بدل: "عن".
٥ الضياع: ذهاب الشيء عن رأي العين مع وجوده والهلاك: ذهاب عين الشيء كاستهلاك المائع بشرب أو إراقة أو المراد بالضياع: تلف الحيوان بالهلاك: تلف أو الهلاك: عطف بيان. حاشية اللبدي "ص: ٤٠٧".