It is unlawful to delay a prayer beyond the period in which it is still permissible.

Yet one may defer performing it within that period, provided he remains firmly resolved to pray. Offering the prayer at the very beginning of its time is superior, and the merit is attained simply by preparing for it as soon as the time enters.

A missed prayer must be made up immediately and in the correct sequence, and during that time an unrestricted supererogatory prayer is not valid. The requirement of maintaining order is waived when one forgets or when the remaining time is too short—even for the preferred period.

Sixth: covering the ʿawrah (the part of the body that must be concealed) with something that does not reveal the skin, so far as one is able.

The ʿawrah of a man¹ who has reached the age of ten, of a discerning free girl, and of a slave-woman—even one who is partially emancipated—is the area between the navel and the knee. The ʿawrah of a boy aged seven to ten is the two private organs, while the entire body of a mature free woman is ʿawrah in the prayer except for her face.³

For an adult man offering an obligatory prayer, it is a condition that at least one of his shoulders be covered by some garment.⁴

Whoever prays in a usurped garment or in silk, knowing this and remembering it, his prayer is invalid.

If the only garment available is usurped, he prays naked;⁵ and if the only garment is silk, he prays in it for lack of any alternative,⁶ and he does not have to repeat the prayer. And in