Dalīl al-ṬālibMarʿi al-Karmi

Whoever keeps a vicious dog, a solid-black dog, a lion, a wolf, or any beast of prey, and it destroys something, must pay compensation—unless the person or object harmed had entered the animal’s owner’s house without his permission.

Whoever kindles a fire on his own property1 and, through negligence, allows it to spread to another’s property is liable, unless an unexpected wind2 arose.

Anyone who lies down in a mosque or on a road3, or who places a stone or a clod of mud in the roadway for people to step on, incurs no liability.

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The owner of a non-predatory animal is not liable for whatever it destroys4 in the daytime, whether property or persons are involved. Liability, however, rests with any rider, driver, or leader who is able to control it. If there are several riders, the liability falls on the first, or on the one behind him if he alone is directing the animal5. Should they share control, or if there is only a leader and a driver, they share the liability.

Its owner is liable for what it destroys6 at night if this occurred through his negligence, and the same ruling applies to a borrower, a lessee, or anyone entrusted with guarding it.

(1) The N manuscript reads bi-milkih ("by virtue of his ownership"). (2) The A manuscript reads tarat. (3) The M and N manuscripts have al-tariq ("the road") with the definite article. (4) Manuscript A reads atlaftahu ("he has destroyed it"). (5) The restriction applies to both the first and the second element of the conjunction: the first party is liable if he alone manages it, and the subsequent party is liable if he alone manages it, as understood from the phrase "and if they both share…". Hashiyat al-Labadi, p. 227. (6) Manuscript A reads ma atlafahu ("whatever he has destroyed").
ومن اقتنى كلبا عقورا أو أسود بهيما أو أسدا أو ذئبا أو جارحا فأتلف شيئا ضمنه لا إن دخل دار ربه بلا إذنه. ومن أجج نارا في ملكه١ فتعدت إلى ملك غيره بتفريطه ضمن لا إن طرأت٢ ريح. ومن اضطجع في مسجد أو في طريق٣ أو وضع حجرا بطين في الطريق ليطأ عليه الناس لم يضمن. فصل ولا يضمن رب بهيمة غير ضارية ما أتلفته٤ نهارا من الأموال والأبدان ويضمن راكب وسائق وقائد قادر على التصرف فيها وإن تعدد راكب ضمن الأول أو من خلفه إن انفرد بتدبيرها٥ وإن اشتركا في تدبيرها أو لم يكن إلا قائد وسائق اشتركا في الضمان. ويضمن ربها ما أتلفته٦ ليلا إن كان بتفريطه وكذا مستعيرها ومستأجرها ومن يحفظها.
١ في "ن" "بملكه". ٢ في "أ" "طرت". ٣ في "م" و "ن" "الطريق" بأل التعريف. ٤ في "أ" "أتلفته". ٥ قيد في المعطوف والمعطوف عليه أي ضمن الأول إن انفرد بتدبيرها أو ضمن من خلفه إن انفر بتدبيرها كما يقهم من قوله: "وإن اشتركا....إلخ". حاشية اللبدي "ص: ٢٢٧" ٦ في "أ" "ما أتلفه".

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