Chapter on the Things that Nullify Wuḍū’

They are eight in number:

1. Whatever comes out of either of the two private passages, whether the amount is small or large, and whether the substance itself is ritually pure or impure.

2. The discharge of any najāsa (ritual impurity) from elsewhere on the body. If the substance is urine or feces, it nullifies wuḍū’ in every case. If it is something else, such as blood or vomit, it nullifies wuḍū’ only when the amount is, by common estimation, excessive.

3. The loss of one’s reason, or its being veiled, through fainting or sleep—except for brief drowsiness, according to customary usage, while a person is sitting or standing.

4. Touching, with one’s hand (not with the fingernail), the private part of a living human being without any barrier, or touching the rim of his anus. Touching the testicles, or the place where a private part has been severed, does not break wuḍū’.

5. Bare-skin contact between a man and a woman, undertaken out of desire and without a barrier, even if the person touched is deceased, very elderly, or in a state of iḥrām for pilgrimage, or if the contact is of the type referred to in the Qur’an as lāmastum2 even when the one touched is under seven years old. Touching a tooth, nail, or hair—or touching another person with any of these parts—does not nullify wuḍū’.3