Section

Whoever kills an enemy combatant during wartime is entitled to that man’s personal spoils: everything1 he was wearing—clothing, jewelry, and weapons—as well as the mount on which he fought2 and whatever it carries. His provisions, baggage, tent, and spare mount, however, are counted as general booty (ghanimah).

The booty is then divided among the fighters: four-fifths go to them. An infantryman receives one share, a cavalryman on a mixed-breed horse receives two3 shares, and a cavalryman on an Arabian horse receives three4.

No share is allotted for any animal other than a horse, and a share is given only to one who meets four conditions: legal adulthood, sound mind, freedom, and maleness.

If any of these conditions is lacking, he is given a gratuity5 but no regular share.

The remaining one-fifth is itself divided into five portions:
• one portion for Allah and His Messenger, to be spent in the same manner as fayʾ;
• one portion for the Prophet’s kinsfolk6—the clans of Hashim and al-Muttalib wherever they may be, with a male receiving twice the share of a female;
• one portion for the poor among the orphans, meaning one who has lost his father and has not yet reached puberty;
• one portion for the needy;
• and one portion for stranded travellers.