In another authentic report the Prophet ﷺ taught: “O Allah, bless Muhammad, his wives, and his descendants.”⦗1⦘
Their rights and their responsibilities:
It is reliably narrated that when his son al-Ḥasan once picked up a date from the charity dates, the Prophet said to him, “Spit it out, spit it out!⦗2⦘ Do you not know that we, the People of the House, may not partake of charity?”⦗3⦘
He also said, “Charity is unlawful for Muhammad and for the family of Muhammad.”⦗4⦘
This—Allah knows best—is part of the purification Allah ordained for them. Charity is the people’s impurities, so Allah kept them clear of such impurities and compensated them with what suffices them from the one-fifth share of war booty and from the fay, the latter being the source of the Prophet’s livelihood. As he ﷺ stated in the report related by Aḥmad and others: “I have been sent with the sword right before the Hour so that Allah alone is worshipped without partner. My provision has been placed under the shade of my spear, and abasement and humiliation are upon those who oppose my command, and whoever imitates—”
(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Sahih: Tafsir of Surah 33; Book of the Prophets, ch. 10; Book of Supplications, chs. 31–32. By Muslim in the Sahih, Book of Prayer, hadiths 65, 66, 69. By al-Tirmidhi in the Tafsir of Surah 33 and Book of Witr, ch. 2. By Abu Dawud in the Sunan, Book of Prayer, ch. 179. By al-Nasai in the Sunan, Book of Sahw, chs. 49, 50, 54. By al-Darimi in the Musnad, Book of Prayer, ch. 85. By Malik in the Muwatta, Book of Travel, hadiths 66–67. By Ahmad b. Hanbal in the Musnad 1:162; 3:47; 4:118, 224, 241, 243; 5:274, 324, 374. The verse related to the hadith is Surah al-Ahzab (33):56.
(2) The words enclosed in brackets are missing in the base manuscript.
(3) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Sahih: Book of Zakat, ch. 60; Book of Jihad, ch. 188. By al-Darimi in the Musnad, Book of Zakat, ch. 16. By Ahmad b. Hanbal in the Musnad 2:409, 444, 476. Cited by al-Suyuti in al-Jami al-saghir, hadith no. 6226, attributing it to the two Shaykhs on the authority of Abu Hurayrah.
(4) Reported by al-Darimi in the Musnad, Book of Zakat, ch. 16; by al-Nasai in the Sunan, Book of Zakat, ch. 98 (in the heading); by Malik in the Muwatta, Book of Charity, hadith 13; and by Ahmad b. Hanbal in the Musnad 2:279.