From what has been demonstrated, it is evident that inserting the tathwīb into the second adhān is an innovation that runs contrary to the Sunnah. The deviation becomes even worse when people dispense with the first adhān altogether yet persist in reciting the tathwīb during the second. How apt, then, is Allah’s reproach: “Would you exchange what is inferior for what is better?—if only they knew.”

Benefit: After quoting the two explicit reports of Abū Maḥdhūrah and Ibn ʿUmar concerning the tathwīb in the first adhān, al-Ṭaḥāwī remarked, “This is the position of Abū Ḥanīfah, Abū Yūsuf, and Muḥammad, may Allah have mercy on them.”

His words regarding the Fajr adhān: “It is recommended to give it before the time actually enters, provided that the first and second adhāns can be clearly distinguished so that no confusion occurs.”

I say: That distinction is readily achieved by adhering to the Sunnah, which marks the first adhān with the addition of the phrase “Prayer is better than sleep” repeated twice, as noted earlier.

There is yet another Sunnah that makes matters even easier: the muʾadhdhin of the first adhān should differ from the muʾadhdhin of the second, in keeping with the ḥadith of Ibn ʿUmar cited by the author, recorded by the Two Shaykhs and corroborated by numerous supporting narrations I have documented in Irwāʾ 219. This practice too has been abandoned; glad tidings, then, to everyone whom Allah enables to revive it.

His statement: “Al-Ṭaḥāwī and al-Nasāʾī report that the interval between the adhān of Ibn ʿUmar and that of Ibn Umm Maktūm was no more than the time needed for this one to climb down and that one to climb up.”

I say: He has gone far afield and fallen short in the science of isnād analysis, for this very narration is found in the Ṣaḥīḥayn within the aforementioned report of Ibn ʿUmar transmitted through Nāfiʿ. See Irwāʾ 1/236.