Taqrib al-Tadmuriyyah - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (59)

Taqrib al-TadmuriyyahIbn al-'Uthaymin

is refuted on two grounds, both linguistic and semantic:

Linguistic construction: If someone were to say, “So-and-so is travelling bi-ʿaynī—‘with my eye,’” no one would understand that he is travelling inside the speaker’s eyeball. Anyone who claimed that this is the phrase’s literal sense would be ridiculed by the simple-minded, let alone the intelligent. The expression is only understood to mean that the speaker’s eye accompanies him with watchfulness and care, for the preposition bi here denotes accompaniment, not location.
Meaning: It is well known that Noah—peace be upon him—was on earth, that he built the ark on earth, and that it sailed upon earthly waters, as Allah says: “And he was building the Ark, and whenever the leaders of his people passed by him they mocked him” (Hud 38). He also says: “So he called upon his Lord, ‘I am overpowered, so help me.’ We therefore opened the gates of heaven with pouring water, and caused the earth to burst forth with springs; the waters met together according to a matter already decreed. And We carried him upon planks and nails, sailing under Our Eyes, as recompense for one who had been denied” (Qamar 10–14).

No one can plausibly assert that the verse’s apparent sense is that the ark was sailing inside Allah’s Eye, for that is utterly impossible with respect to Allah, exalted is He. Whoever truly knows Allah and accords Him His due—knowing that He is established over His Throne, distinct from His creation, not indwelling in any of it, nor any of it indwelling in Him—could never infer such a corrupt meaning from the wording.

Accordingly, the verse’s outward, intended meaning is that the ark was sailing while Allah, exalted be He, was guarding it with His Eye.

• A third example: the narration, “The Black Stone is the Right Hand of Allah on earth; whoever shakes hands with it and kisses it, it is as though he has shaken hands with Allah and kissed His Right Hand.”

They say, “The apparent sense of the report is that the stone itself is Allah’s Right Hand on earth, and this is a…"

مردودة من جهة التركيب اللفظي ومن جهة المعنى أيضاً: أما التركيب اللفظي: فإنه إذا قال القائل: فلان يسير بعيني لم يفهم أحد من هذا التركيب أنه يسير داخل عينيه، ولو أدعى مدع أن هذا ظاهر لفظه لضحك منه السفهاء فضلاً عن العقلاء، وإنما يفهم منه أن عينيه تصحبه بالنظر والرعاية، لأن الباء هنا للمصاحبة وليست للظرفية. وأما المعنى: فإن من المعلوم أن نوحاً ﵊ كان في الأرض، وأنه صنع السفينة في الأرض، وجرت على الماء في الأرض كما قال الله تعالى: ﴿وَيَصْنَعُ الْفُلْكَ وَكُلَّمَا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ مَلَأٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ سَخِرُوا مِنْهُ﴾ [هود: ٣٨] . وقال: ﴿فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ، فَفَتَحْنَا أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَاءٍ مُنْهَمِرٍ، وَفَجَّرْنَا الْأَرْضَ عُيُوناً فَالْتَقَى الْمَاءُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ، وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَاتِ أَلْوَاحٍ وَدُسُرٍ، تَجْرِي بِأَعْيُنِنَا جَزَاءً لِمَنْ كَانَ كُفِرَ﴾ [القمر:١٠ – ١٤] . ولا يمكن لأحد أن يدعي أن ظاهر اللفظ أن السفينة تجري في عين الله ﷿، لأن ذلك ممتنع غاية الامتناع في حق الله تعالى، ولا يمكن لمن عرف الله وقدره حق قدره، وعلم أنه مستو على عرشه، بائن من خلقه، ليس حالاً في شيء من مخلوقاته، ولا شيء من مخلوقاته حالاً فيه أن يفهم من هذا اللفظ هذا المعنى الفاسد. وعلى هذا؛ فمعنى الآية الذي هو ظاهر اللفظ أن السفينة تجري والله تعالى يكلؤها بعينه. - ومثال ثالث: في الأثر: "الحجر الأسود يمين الله في الأرض، فمن صافحه وقبله فكأنما صافح الله وقبل يمينه". قالوا: فظاهر الأثر أن الحجر نفسه يمين الله في الأرض، وهذا معنى