Taqrib al-Tadmuriyyah - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (116)

Section: Monotheism in the Divine Names and Attributes

As for monotheism concerning the names and attributes, it is to single out Allah alone in His names and attributes by affirming whatever He has affirmed for Himself—whether in His Book or upon the tongue of His Messenger ﷺ—without distortion, denial, asking how, or likening.

• It is therefore impermissible to reject anything by which Allah has named or described Himself, for He, the Exalted, says: “To Allah belong the Most Beautiful Names, so call upon Him by them, and leave those who deviate concerning His names; they will be repaid for what they used to do” (7:180). Such rejection amounts to negation that necessarily entails either tampering with the revealed texts or denying them, while accusing Allah, exalted is He, of deficiencies and flaws.

• It is likewise impermissible to name or describe Allah with anything that has not come in the Quran or the Sunnah, for that would be speaking about Allah without knowledge. Allah, the Exalted, says: “Say: My Lord has only forbidden indecencies—both open and hidden—sin, wrongful oppression, associating with Allah that for which He has sent down no authority, and saying about Allah that of which you have no knowledge” (7:33). He also says: “Do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed, the hearing, the sight, and the heart—each of these will be questioned” (17:36).

• Nor is it permissible to affirm for Allah any name or attribute while likening it to the creation, for He says: “There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing” (42:11); and He says: “So do not set…"

فصل: توحيد الأسماء والصفات ... فصل وأما توحيد الأسماء والصفات: فهو إفراد الله تعالى بأسمائه وصفاته وذلك بإثبات ما أثبته الله لنفسه من الأسماء والصفات في كتابه أو على لسان رسوله ﷺ من غير تحريف، ولا تعطيل، ولا تكييف، ولا تمثيل. * فلا يجوز نفي شيء مما سمى الله به نفسه، أو وصف به نفسه لقوله تعالى: ﴿وَلِلَّهِ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى فَادْعُوهُ بِهَا وَذَرُوا الَّذِينَ يُلْحِدُونَ فِي أَسْمَائِهِ سَيُجْزَوْنَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ﴾ [الأعراف:١٨٠] . ولأن ذلك تعطيل يستلزم تحريف النصوص أو تكذيبها مع وصف الله تعالى بالنقائص والعيوب. * ولا يجوز تسمية الله تعالى أو وصفه بما لم يأت في الكتاب والسنة؛ لأن ذلك قول على الله تعالى بلا علم وقد قال الله تعالى: ﴿قُلْ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّيَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَالْأِثْمَ وَالْبَغْيَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَأَنْ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَاناً وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لا تَعْلَمُونَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٣٣] . وقال: ﴿وَلا تَقْفُ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ إِنَّ السَّمْعَ وَالْبَصَرَ وَالْفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُولَئِكَ كَانَ عَنْهُ مَسْؤُولاً﴾ [الإسراء: ٣٦] . * ولا يجوز إثبات اسم أو صفة لله تعالى مع التمثيل لقوله تعالى: ﴿لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ﴾ [الشورى: ١١] . وقوله: ﴿فَلا تَضْرِبُوا