—“If you were to ask them, ‘Who created them?’ they would surely say, ‘Allah.’” (43:87)
—“If you were to ask them, ‘Who created the heavens and the earth?’ they would surely say, ‘Allah.’” (31:25)
The Most High also says: “Say, ‘Who provides for you from the sky and the earth, who owns hearing and sight, who brings forth the living from the dead and brings forth the dead from the living, and who directs every affair?’ They will surely say, ‘Allah.’” (10:31)
And He says: “Say, ‘To whom belongs the earth and whoever is in it, if you really know?’ They will say, ‘To Allah,’ … up to His words, ‘Rather, We have brought them the truth, and indeed they are liars.’” (23:84–90).

None of those idol-worshippers—or anyone else who acknowledged a Creator—believed that any creature shared with Allah in creating the heavens and the earth or anything else, nor that the universe possesses two makers equal in attributes and actions. The scholars who collected the doctrines of sects, religions, and philosophies record no one who ever made such a claim.

The most they mention is the statement of the dualists who speak of two primordial principles, Light and Darkness: Light, they say, created good, while Darkness created evil. Yet even they do not hold the two to be equal or equivalent.

Light is radiant and consonant with the innate disposition, unlike Darkness. Light, they say, is eternal, whereas regarding Darkness they hold two views: one, that it is originated and created by Light, in which case Light is superior to it; the other, that it is eternal but produces only evil. Thus Darkness is inferior to Light in its effects just as it is inferior in its very existence and qualities.

As for Pharaoh’s words to his people when he assembled them and proclaimed, “I am your supreme lord” (79:24), and his saying, “O nobles, I know of no god for you other than me”