Tahrim Alat al-TarabNasir al-Din al-Albani

I reply—and Allah alone grants success: Yes, a great many reports have come down to us from the early generations, the Companions and others, which point to the wisdom behind the prohibition: it distracts from the remembrance of Allah, from obedience to Him, and from carrying out the obligatory duties of the Sacred Law. They drew this conclusion from Allah’s own designation of it as “idle talk” (lahw al-ḥadīth) in His words: “And among mankind is he who purchases idle talk so that he may lead others away from the path of Allah without knowledge and takes it in mockery; such people will have a humiliating punishment” (Q 31:6). They further maintained that the verse was revealed concerning singing and the like. I shall mention only those reports whose chains of transmission are sound:

  1. The first comes from the Qur’an’s interpreter, ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: “It was revealed about singing and what resembles it.”¹
(1) I say: This is the sound report from Ibn Abbas. As for the narration transmitted by Juwaybir from him—that the verse was revealed about al-Nadr b. al-Harith, who had purchased a qayna (singing slave-girl) and, whenever he heard of someone inclined toward Islam, would take him to her and say, “Feed him, give him drink, and let her sing for him; this is better than what Muhammad calls you to of prayer, fasting, and fighting at his side” (al-Durr, 5/159)—I maintain that it is extremely weak. Al-Daraqutni and others judged this Juwaybir to be matruk (abandoned). Likewise weak is what al-Wahidi cites in Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 259: al-Kalbi and Muqatil said that the verse was revealed about al-Nadr b. al-Harith because he would travel as a merchant to Persia, buy the tales of foreigners, recount them to Quraysh, and say, “Muhammad relates to you the stories of Ad and Thamud, whereas I narrate to you the stories of Rustam, Isfandiyar, and the Persian kings.” The people found his stories entertaining and stopped listening to the Quran, so the verse was sent down about them. I say: al-Kalbi and Muqatil are also abandoned and accused of fabrication, and their account contradicts that of Juwaybir. Al-Suyuti attributed a similar report to al-Bayhaqi from Ibn Abbas in Shuab al-Iman, but I have not been able to locate it to examine its chain; I do not consider it sound. Perhaps for this reason Ibn Jarir, Ibn Kathir, and other critical scholars did not mention it. Al-Qurtubi, in fact, hints at its weakness, saying (14/52), “It is said: the verse was revealed about al-Nadr b. al-Harith…,” and al-Zamakhshari had already stated the same (3/210).
فأقول - وبالله التوفيق -: نعم لقد وردت آثار كثيرة عن السلف من الصحابة وغيرهم تدل على حكمة التحريم وهي أنها تلهي عن ذكر الله تعالى وطاعته والقيام بالواجبات الشرعية مقتبسين ذلك من تسمية الله تعالى إياه ب ﴿لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ﴾ في قوله: ﴿وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَيَتَّخِذَهَا هُزُواً أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ﴾ وأنها نزلت في الغناء ونحوه فأذكر منها ما ثبت إسناده إليهم: فأولهم: ترجمان القرآن عبد الله بن عباس ﵄ قال: نزلت في الغناء وأشباهه١.
١ قلت: هذا هو الصحيح عن ابن عباس وأما ما أخرجه جويبر عنه أنها نزلت في النضر بن الحارث؛ أنه اشترى قينة فكان لا يسمع أحدا يريد الإسلام إلا انطلق به إلى قينته فيقول: أطعميه واسقيه وغنيه هذا خير مما يدعوك إليه محمد من الصلاة والصيام وان تقاتل بين يديه كما في الدر ٥/١٥٩. فأقول وهو ضعيف جدا جويبر هذا قال الدارقطني وغيره متروك. ومثله ما ذكره الواحدي في أسباب النزول ص٢٥٩: قال الكلبي ومقاتل: نزلت في النضر بن الحارث وذلك أنه كان يخرج تاجرا إلى بلاد فارس فيشتري أخبار الأعاجم فيرويها ويحدث بها قريشا ويقول لهم إن محمد يحدثكم بحديث عاد وثمود وأنا أحدثكم بحديث رستم واسفنديار وأخبار الأكاسرة فيستملحون حديثه ويتركون سماع القرآن فنزلت فيهم هذه الآية. قلت: والكلبي ومقاتل متروكان أيضا متهمان بالكذب مع ما في روايتهم من المخالفة لرواية جويبر وعزاه السيوطي للبيهقي عن ابن عباس بنحو روايتهما في شعب الإيمان، ولم يتيسر لي الوقوف عليه فيه لأنظر في إسناده وما أراه يصح ولعله لذلك لم يذكره ابن جرير وابن كثير وغيرهما من الحفاظ المحققين بل أشار القرطبي إلى تضعيفه بقوله ١٤/٥٢، وقيل: نزلت في النضر بن الحارث.. وكذلك قال الزمخشري من قبل ٣/٢١٠ =

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