ibn ʿAydhūn al-Baghdādī, better known as al-Qālī, the author of the literary work al-Amālī. He was born in 280 AH. He studied Arabic with Ibn Durayd, Abū Bakr ibn al-Anbārī, Ibn Durustawayh, Niftawayh, and several others. He also heard ḥadith from Abū Yaʿlā in Mosul, Abū al-Qāsim al-Baghawī, Abū Bakr ibn Abī Dāwūd, Yaḥyā ibn Ṣāʿid, and ʿAlī ibn Sulaymān al-Akhfash. He recited the Qurʾān to Abū Bakr ibn Mujāhid according to the reading of Abū ʿAmr.

He later moved to al-Andalus and disseminated his knowledge there. Entering the peninsula in 330 AH, he was warmly received by its ruler, al-Nāṣir the Umayyad, for whom—and for whose son al-Mustanṣir—he composed several works. He had mastered Sībawayh’s Book, having studied it under Ibn Durustawayh. He dictated his Kitāb al-Nawādir (The Rare Items). Among his other writings are al-Maqṣūr wa-l-Mamdūd, al-Ibil (On Camels), al-Khayl (On Horses), and al-Bāriʿ fī al-Lugha, the last of which ran to more than ten volumes, though he did not complete it.

His client allegiance was to the Banū Marwān; for that reason he emigrated to their domain, attained great esteem among them, and his compositions are noted for their refinement. Among his pupils were ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Rabīʿ al-Tamīmī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Zubaydī, Aḥmad ibn Abān ibn Saʿīd, and others.