alone, without partner; His is the dominion and His is the praise; He gives life and causes death, and He has power over all things. There is no god but Allah alone: He fulfilled His promise, supported His servant, and single-handedly routed the confederates.’ He then offered supplications between these proclamations and repeated the whole formula three times.

After that he descended toward al-Marwah. When his feet reached the dip of the valley he broke into a brisk trot, and when he began to ascend he walked again until he came to al-Marwah. He climbed it and did just as he had done on al-Ṣafā. When he completed his final circuit at al-Marwah he said, ‘Had I known beforehand what I know now, I would not have brought the sacrificial animals; I would have made this a ʿumrah. So whoever among you does not have a sacrificial animal should come out of consecration and make it a ʿumrah.’

Accordingly, all the people ended their state of consecration and trimmed their hair—everyone except the Prophet ﷺ and those who had the sacrificial animals with them.

Surāqah ibn Mālik ibn Juʿshum then stood up and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, is this concession for this year of ours only, or forever?’ He interlaced his fingers and replied, ‘The ʿumrah has been incorporated into the Hajj like this—twice over. No; rather, it is for all time, forever.’

ʿAlī—may Allah be pleased with him—arrived from Yemen bringing livestock for sacrifice to the Prophet ﷺ. He found that Fāṭimah was among those who had ended their consecration: she had put on brightly colored clothes and applied kohl to her eyes, and he expressed disapproval. She said, ‘My father ordered me to do so.’ ʿAlī used to recount in Iraq: ‘So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, complaining about what she had done and seeking a ruling. He said, “She is right, she is right. What did you say when you first made your pilgrimage intention?” I replied, “O Allah, I enter the rites in conformity with whatever Your Messenger enters into.” He said, “Since I am accompanied by the sacrificial animals, do not end your consecration.”’

The animals that ʿAlī had brought, together with those the Prophet ﷺ had brought from Madinah, numbered one hundred in total. The people then came out of consecration and trimmed their hair, all except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and those who had the sacrificial animals with them.

When the Day of Tarwiyah arrived, they proceeded to Mina and renewed their intention for Hajj. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ mounted and prayed at Mina the noon, afternoon, sunset, night, and dawn prayers. He then remained there briefly until the sun had risen and ordered that a tent of black wool be pitched for him.