The Farewell Pilgrimage:

Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq related, through his father, from Jābir, who said:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ announced to the people that he would perform the pilgrimage, and a great throng assembled in Madinah. He set out five nights—some said four—before the close of Dhū al-Qaʿdah. When he reached Dhū al-Ḥulayfah, Asmāʾ bint ʿUmays gave birth to Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq. She sent word to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking, “What should I do?” He replied, “Bathe fully and bind yourself with a cloth.”

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then prayed in the mosque and mounted al-Qaṣwāʾ. When she carried him onto the wide expanse of al-Bayḍāʾ, I looked as far as my eyes could see: in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ there were mounted riders and those on foot, the same on his right, the same on his left, and the same behind him.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ began the talbiyah, proclaiming pure monotheism, and the people joined in with the phrases they customarily recited; he did not forbid any of it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained constant in his own talbiyah.

We intended nothing but the major pilgrimage; we knew nothing of ʿumrah until we reached the House with him. He touched the Black Stone, trotted quickly for three circuits, and walked for four. Then he came to the Station of Abraham and recited, “Take the Station of Abraham as a place of prayer” (Q 2:125), placing the Station between himself and the House.

Jaʿfar said: My father used to say—and I know of no source for it other than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—that in those two rakʿahs he would recite, “Say: He is Allah, One” (Q 112) and “Say: O disbelievers” (Q 109). After that he returned to the House and touched the Black Stone again, then left through the gate to al-Ṣafā. When he drew near al-Ṣafā he recited, “Indeed, al-Ṣafā and al-Marwah are among the symbols of Allah” (Q 2:158). “I begin with what Allah began with,” he said, and he started at al-Ṣafā, ascended it, and when the House came into view he proclaimed takbīr, declared the oneness of Allah, and said, “There is no god but Allah …”