Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (سيرة 2/258)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

death; so if I do die, attend my washing, give me your shirt to be shrouded in, perform the funeral prayer over me, and seek forgiveness for me.

This report is muʿḍal—its chain is broken—and weak. Even if al-Wāqidī had provided a chain it would carry no weight; how much less when it is transmitted with no chain at all.

Ibn ʿUyaynah narrated from Ibn ʿAmr, from Jābir: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to the grave of ʿAbd Allah ibn Ubayy after he had been placed in the burial niche. He ordered that he be brought out, so he was taken out and laid upon the Prophet’s knees—or upon his thighs. The Prophet breathed on him with his own saliva and clothed him in his shirt. Allah knows best. Agreed upon.

Abū Usāmah and others reported: ʿUbayd Allah ibn ʿUmar narrated from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar: When ʿAbd Allah ibn Ubayy died, his son ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAbd Allah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him to give him his shirt so that he could shroud his father in it, and he gave it to him. He then asked the Prophet to lead the funeral prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ rose to pray, but ʿUmar grasped his cloak and said, “Messenger of Allah, will you pray over him when Allah has forbidden you to do so?” He replied, “My Lord has given me a choice, saying, ‘Seek forgiveness for them or do not seek forgiveness for them; even if you seek forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will never forgive them’ (Qur’an 9:80), and I shall exceed seventy.” ʿUmar said, “He is a hypocrite.” Nevertheless, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed the prayer for him, whereupon Allah revealed: “And never pray over any one of them who dies, nor stand by his grave; for they have disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger” (Qur’an 9:84). Agreed upon.

In the same year ʿUrwah ibn Masʿūd al-Thaqafī was killed. He was an honored chieftain, counted among the most intelligent and astute of the Arabs. He invited his people to Islam, and they slew him. It is related that the Prophet ﷺ said, “His case is like that of the man in Sūrat Yā-Sīn: he called his people to Allah, and they killed him.”

That year also witnessed the passing of Lady Umm Kulthūm, daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and wife of ʿUthmān.

الموت، فإن مت فاحضر غسلي، وأعطني قميصك أكفن فيه، وصل علي واستغفر لي. هذا حديث معضل واه، لو أسنده الواقدي لما نفع، فكيف وهو بلا إسناد؟ وقال ابن عيينة، عن ابن عمرو، عن جابر، قال: أتى رسول الله ﷺ قبر عبد الله بن أبي بعدما أدخل حفرته فأمر به فأخرج، فوضع على ركبتيه، أو فخذيه، فنفث عليه من ريقه وألبسه قميصه. والله أعلم. متفق عليه. وقال أبو أسامة، وغيره: حدثنا عبيد الله بن عمر، عن نافع، عن ابن عمر، قال: لما توفي عبد الله بن أبي، أتى ابنه عبد الله بن عبد الله إلى رسول الله ﷺ فسأله أن يعطيه قميصه ليكفنه فيه، فأعطاه. ثم سأله أن يصلي عليه؛ فقام رسول الله ﷺ يصلي عليه، فقام عمر فأخذ ثوبه، فقال: يا رسول الله، أتصلي عليه وقد نهاك الله عنه؟ قال: إن ربي خيرني، فقال: ﴿اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ﴾ [التوبة: ٨٠] ، وسأزيد على السبعين. فقال: إنه منافق. قال: فصلى عليه رسول الله ﷺ فأنزل الله: ﴿وَلا تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلا تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ﴾ [التوبة: ٨٤] ، متفق عليه. وفيها: قتل عروة بن مسعود الثقفي، وكان سيدا شريفا من عقلاء العرب ودهاتهم، دعا قومه إلى الإسلام فقتلوه. فيروى أن النبي ﷺ قال: "مثله مثل صاحب ياسين، دعا قومه إلى الله فقتلوه". وفيها: توفيت السيدة أم كلثوم بنت رسول الله ﷺ، زوجة عثمان،