= 2/304, through the chain of Thawr b. Zayd al-Dili: “When ʿUmar b. al-Khattab sought advice concerning a man who drank wine, ʿAli said to him: ‘In our view he should be given eighty lashes, for when he drinks he becomes intoxicated, when intoxicated he raves, and when he raves he fabricates (falsehood),’ or words to that effect; so ʿUmar prescribed eighty lashes for wine.” Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar remarks in Talkhis al-Khabir, 4/75: “The chain is broken (munqatiʿ), for Thawr could not have met ʿUmar, this being unanimously agreed upon. However, al-Nasaʾi in al-Kubra and al-Hakim (4/375) have linked the chain by citing another route: Thawr → ʿIkrima → Ibn ʿAbbas.” ʿAbd al-Razzaq (no. 13542) narrates it from Maʿmar → Ayyub → ʿIkrima, without mentioning Ibn ʿAbbas. Its soundness is questionable, because the two Sahihs report from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ punished the drinker with palm branches and sandals, that Abu Bakr applied forty lashes, and that when ʿUmar became caliph he consulted the people; ʿAbd al-Rahman said, “The lightest of the legal penalties (hudud) is eighty,” whereupon ʿUmar ordered it. Nor may one argue that both ʿAbd al-Rahman and ʿAli proposed the same figure, for Sahih Muslim (1707, no. 38) records, through Hudayn b. al-Mundhir Abū Sāsān, the incident in which ʿUthman b. ʿAffan had al-Walid brought before him after leading the dawn prayer with only two rakʿas and saying, “Shall I add more for you?” Two witnesses testified, one of them Humran, that he had drunk wine; another testified that he had seen him vomit. ʿUthman said, “He would not have vomited unless he had drunk.” He then ordered: “ʿAli, stand and punish him.” ʿAli said, “Hasan, stand and flog him.” Hasan replied, “Let him who heated it beverage bear its heat,” apparently displeased. ʿAli then said, “ʿAbd Allah b. Jaʿfar, stand and flog him,” and he administered the lashes while ʿAli counted until they reached forty, then said, “Stop.” ʿAli declared: “The Prophet ﷺ lashed forty, Abu Bakr lashed forty, and ʿUmar eighty; each is a sunnah, but the one I prefer is forty.” (1) Part of a hadith transmitted by al-Tirmidhi (3791) and Ibn Majah (154) through ʿAbd al-Wahhab al-Thaqafi → Khalid al-Haddaʾ → Abū Qilaba → Anas ﵁: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “The most compassionate of my community toward my community is Abu Bakr; the firmest in upholding Allah’s command is ʿUmar; the most truthful in modesty is ʿUthman; the best judge is ʿAli; the most versed in the Quran is Ubayy b. Kaʿb; the most knowledgeable of the laws of inheritance is Zayd b. Thabit; and the foremost authority on the lawful and unlawful is Muʿadh b. Jabal. Every nation has a custodian, and the custodian of this nation is Abu ʿUbayda b. al-Jarrah.” Al-Tirmidhi graded it “sound and good (hasan sahih).” Ibn Hibban (2218) and al-Hakim (3/422), followed by al-Dhahabi, also declared it authentic. (2) Thus in the principal manuscript; Maʿalim al-Iman reads: Ḥunayn.