Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Jaʿfar said, “Place the booklet before the shaykh.”

When I opened it, it contained the ḥadīth of Ghadīr Khumm (1).

I said, “It is authentic; we ourselves have transmitted it.”

ʿUbayd Allāh remarked, “Then why do people not become our slaves?”

I replied, “May Allah honor the master. The Prophet did not intend servitude of bondage, but authority in matters of religion.”

He asked, “Do you have any proof for that?”

I answered, “The Exalted says: ‘It is not for any human being to whom Allah has given the Book, judgment, and prophethood to then say to the people, “Be servants to me instead of to Allah.”’ (Āl ʿImrān 3:79). What was impermissible for Allah’s Prophet is even more impermissible for anyone else.”

He said, “Leave, lest the heat reach you.”

Abū Jaʿfar al-Baghdādī followed me and whispered, “Keep this meeting to yourself.”

Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Qaṭṭān later said, “Had you heard Saʿīd ibn al-Ḥaddād in those assemblies—meaning his debate with the Shiʿite—you would have found in him powerful voice, majestic rhetoric, eloquent speech, and sound meanings, and you would have wished he would never fall silent.”

It was also said that Ibn al-Ḥaddād adopted the Shāfiʿī school without blind imitation; he accepted no question unless supported by evidence.

He dressed well, yet lived on little, never made the pilgrimage, and was often engaged in refuting the Kufans.

(1) Reported by Imam Ahmad in his Musnad 2:372, through the chain Sufyan – Abu Awana – al-Mughira – Abu Ubayd – Maymun, who said: Zayd ibn Arqam, while I was present, related: “We halted with the Messenger of Allah in a valley called Khumm. He ordered the prayer and led us during the intense midday heat. A cloth was hung over a samura tree to shade him from the sun, and he addressed us: ‘Do you not know—or do you not testify—that I have a greater claim on every believer than he has on himself?’ They replied, ‘Yes.’ He then proclaimed: ‘Whoever regards me as his mawla, Ali is his mawla. O Allah, be hostile to whoever is hostile to him and befriend whoever befriends him.’” Its chain is sound. The narration also appears in the Musnad 4:364, 370. Other routes: from Ali in Musnad 1:118-119; from al-Baraʾ in Musnad 4:281; and in Ibn Majah, no. 116. For the location of Ghadir Khumm, see Yaqut, Muʿjam al-Buldan 2:389-390.
جَعْفَر: اعرضِ الكِتَابَ عَلَى الشَّيْخ. فَإِذَا حَدِيْثُ غَدِير خُمّ (١) . قُلْتُ: وَهُوَ صَحِيْح، وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَاهُ. فَقَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ: فَمَا لِلنَّاسِ لاَ يكُونُوْنَ عَبِيْدنَا؟ قُلْتُ: أَعزَّ اللهُ السَّيِّد، لَمْ يُرِدْ وَلاَيَةَ الرِّق، بَلْ وَلاَيَة الدِّين. قَالَ: هَلْ مِنْ شَاهد؟ قُلْتُ: قَالَ الله تَعَالَى: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَنْ يُؤْتِيَهُ اللهُ الكِتَابَ وَالحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ ثُمَّ يَقُوْلَ لِلنَّاسِ كُونُوا عِبَاداً لِي مِنْ دُوْنِ اللهِ﴾ [آل عِمْرَانَ:٧٩] ، فَمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِنبِيّ الله لَمْ يَكُنْ لِغَيْره. قَالَ: انْصَرَفْ لاَ ينَالُكَ الحرّ. فَتَبِعَنِي البَغْدَادِيُّ، فَقَالَ: اكتُمْ هَذَا المَجْلِس. وَقَالَ مُوْسَى بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ القَطَّان: لَوْ سَمِعْتُم سَعِيْدَ بنَ الحَدَّاد فِي تِلْكَ المحَافل - يَعْنِي: مُنَاظرته لِلشِّيعِيِّ - وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَ لَهُ جَهَارَةُ الصَّوت، وَفخَامَةُ المَنْطِقِ، وَفَصَاحَةُ اللِّسَان، وَصوَابُ المَعَانِي، لتَمَنَّيْتُم أَنْ لاَ يَسْكُت. وَقِيْلَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ الحَدَّاد تَحوَّل شَافِعِيّاً مِنْ غَيْر تَقْلِيد، وَلاَ يَعْتَقِدُ مَسْأَلَةً إِلاَّ بِحجَّة. وَكَانَ حَسَنَ البِزَّة، لكنَّه كَانَ يتقوَّتُ بِاليَسِيْر، وَلَمْ يَحُجّ، وَكَانَ كَثِيْر الردِّ عَلَى الكُوْفِيِّين.
(١) أخرج الامام أحمد في " مسنده " ٢ / ٣٧٢ عن سفيان، ثنا أبو عوانة، عن المغيرة، عن أبي عبيد، عن ميمون قال: قال زيد بن أرقم وأنا أسمع: نزلنا مع رسول الله ﷺ بواد يقال له: وادي خم، فأمر بالصلاة، فصلاها بهجير، قال: فخطبنا وظلل لرسول الله ﷺ بثوب على شجرة سمرة من الشمس، فقال: ألستم تعلمون، أو لستم تشهدون أني أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه؟ قالوا: بلى، قال: فمن كنت مولاه فإن عليا مولاه. اللهم عاد من عاداه، ووال من والاه ". وإسناده صحيح، وهو في " المسند " أيضا: ٤ / ٣٦٤ و٣٧٠. وفي الباب عن علي عند أحمد: ١ / ١١٩ ١١٨، وعن البراء عند أحمد: ٤ / ٢٨١، وابن ماجه (١١٦) . وانظر حول غدير خم " معجم البلدان " ٢ / ٣٩٠ ٣٨٩.

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