Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He studied under Ibrāhīm ibn Bashshār al-Khurasānī and Muḥammad ibn Manṣūr al-Ṭūsī.

Among those who related ḥadith from him were ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Wāʿiẓ al-Miṣrī, Abū Muḥammad al-Jarīrī, ʿAlī ibn Ḥafṣ al-Rāzī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Kattānī, and others.

He also consorted with Sarī al-Saqaṭī and Dhū al-Nūn al-Miṣrī.

It is said that he was the first to discourse on the science of fanāʾ and baqāʾ (annihilation and subsistence). Yet any brief utterance that slipped from him—though he intended only good—gave rise to a weighty matter, to which every misguided ittiḥādī (monist) then clung. (1)

Abū al-Qāsim ʿUthmān ibn Mardān al-Nuhāwandī said: “I first met Abū Saʿīd al-Kharrāz in the year 272 AH and accompanied him for fourteen years. He died in 286 AH.”

Others, however, maintained that he passed away in 277 AH.

Al-Sulamī said: “He is the leading authority of the fraternity in every branch of their knowledge. During the early part of his path he displayed marvels and miracles. He is the most eloquent of them in speech, save al-Junayd, for he is the Imam.”

Al-Qushayrī (2) added that he associated with Dhū al-Nūn, Sarī, al-Nibājī, and Bishr al-Ḥāfī.

Among his sayings is: “Every inward state that the outward contradicts is false.” (3)

(1) See Ibn al-Qayyim, Madarij al-Salikin, vol. 1, pp. 148–173, on fanaʼ (annihilation): its categories, degrees, and the distinction between blameworthy and praiseworthy forms. (2) Sharh al-Risala al-Qushayriyya, vol. 1, p. 167. (3) Al-Arusi notes in his marginalia on Sharh al-Risala al-Qushayriyya, vol. 1, p. 168: “An intelligent person should constantly suspect his own ego, never trusting it or its inner promptings until he tests them against the Book and the Sunnah; if they corroborate them, he may act upon them, otherwise he must abandon them.” I add: this is an undeniable truth; therefore the student of knowledge must …
أَخَذَ عَنْ: إِبْرَاهِيْمَ بنِ بَشَّار الخُرَاسَانِيّ، وَمُحَمَّد بن مَنْصُوْرٍ الطُّوْسِيّ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: عَلِيّ بن مُحَمَّدٍ الوَاعِظ المِصْرِيّ، وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الجَرَيْرِيّ، وَعَلِيّ بن حَفْص الرَّازِيّ، وَمُحَمَّد بن عَلِيٍّ الكَتَّانِي، وَآخَرُوْنَ. وَقَدْ صَحِبَ سَرِيّاً السَّقَطِيّ، وَذَا النُّوْنِ المِصْرِيّ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ أَوّل مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي عِلْم الفَنَاء وَالبَقَاء (١) ، فَأَي سَكْتَةٍ فَاتته، قصد خَيراً، فَولد أَمراً كَبِيْراً، تشبَّث بِهِ كُلّ اتّحَادِي ضَالٍّ بِهِ. قَالَ أَبُو القَاسِمِ عُثْمَان بن مَرْدَان النُّهَاوَنْدي: أَوّل مَا لقيتُ أَبَا سَعِيْدٍ الخرَّاز سَنَة اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِيْنَ، فصحبتُه أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. قَالَ: وَتُوُفِّيَ سَنَة سِتٍّ وَثَمَانِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: بَلْ تُوُفِّيَ: سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَسَبْعِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ. قَالَ السُّلَمِيُّ: هُوَ إِمَامُ القَوْم فِي كُلِّ فَنٍّ مِنْ عُلُومهمْ، لَهُ فِي مبَادئ أَمره عجَائِب وَكَرَامَات، وَهُوَ أَحسن القَوْم كَلاَماً، خَلاَ الجُنَيْد، فَإِنَّهُ الإِمَامُ. قَالَ القُشَيْرِيّ (٢) : صَحب ذَا النُّوْنِ، وَالسَّرِيّ، وَالنِّبَاجِي، وَبِشْراً الحَافِي. قَالَ: وَمِن كَلاَمِه: كُلّ باطِنٍ يخَالِفهُ ظَاهِر، فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ (٣) .
(١) انظر ما كتبه ابن القيم ﵀ في مدارج السالكين: ١ / ١٤٨ - ١٧٣ عن الفناء وأقسامه ومراتبه وما هو مذموم وما هو محمود. (٢) شرح الرسالة القشيرية: ١ / ١٦٧. (٣) قال العروسي في حاشيته على شرح الرسالة القشيرية: ١ / ١٦٨: " فعلى العاقل أن يدوم على اتهام نفسه، وعدم الوثوق بها وبوارداتها حتى يعرضها على الكتاب والسنة، فإن شهدا بها عمل بها، وإلا رجع عنها " قلت: وهذا حق لا مراء فيه، فيجب على طالب العلم أن يقيد =

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