Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

I said: He was thoroughly acquainted with Ibn Abī Shaybah’s compilations, having stayed with him for a considerable period.

Abū Bakr al-Khallāl said: I heard al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar, the jurist, relate:

‘Two shaykhs from Khurasan came for the pilgrimage (1). They delivered narrations, and when they departed a group of ḥadīth students pursued one of them.

They all went out—meaning into the open plain—so this shaykh sat down in one spot with a crowd and a recorder, the other did likewise a little way off, and Abū Bakr al-Athram seated himself between the two, writing down whatever this one dictated and whatever that one dictated (2).’

He also told me that ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad said: ‘I heard Saʿīd ibn ʿAttāb say: I heard Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn remark, “One of al-Athram’s parents must have been a jinn” (3).’

Abū Bakr ibn Ṣadaqah likewise informed me: Ibrāhīm al-Aṣbahānī—meaning, as I think, Ibn Urmah—said, ‘Abū Bakr al-Athram had a better memory and was more precise than Abū Zurʿah al-Rāzī.’

I add: I have not been able to determine the exact year of al-Athram’s death. He died in the town of Iskāf sometime around 260 AH, either a little before or a little after that (4).

(1) Tabaqat al-Hanabila reads: “for the pilgrimage (hajj).” (2) Tabaqat al-Hanabila 1:73; Tadhkirat al-Huffaz 2:571. It also transmits, on the authority of Abu Bakr ibn Sadaqa: “I heard Ibrahim ibn al-Isbahani say: Abu Bakr al-Athram had a better memory and was more precise than Abu Zur‘a al-Razi.” (3) The same report is found on the previous page: Tabaqat al-Hanabila 1:73; Tadhkirat al-Huffaz 2:571; Tahdhib 1:78. (4) The compiler writes in Tadhkirat al-Huffaz 2:571, “I think he died sometime after 260/873-4.” Ibn Hajar states in Tahdhib 1:79 that he died in 261/874-5 or thereabout. I located this note in the hand of our teacher, the hadith scholar Abu al-Fadl, and later found that al-Dhahabi, in al-Tadhhib, likewise says he died after 260. All of this, however, is conjectural and incorrect; the sound date is later, for Ibn Qaniʿ lists al-Athram among those who died in 273/886-7, and no one else of that generation bore this nickname.
قُلْتُ: كَانَ عَالِماً بتَوَالِيْفِ ابْن أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، لاَزَمَهُ مُدَّةً. قَالَ الخَلاَّلُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَسَمِعْتُ الحَسَنَ بن عَلِيِّ بنِ عُمَرَ الفَقِيْه يَقُوْلُ: قَدِمَ شَيْخَان مِنْ خُرَاسَان الحَجّ (١) ، فَحَدَّثَا، فَلَمَّا خرجَا طلبَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الحَدِيْث أَحَدهَمَا. قَالَ: فَخَرَجَا -يَعْنِي: إِلَى الصَّحْرَاء- فَقعَدَ هَذَا الشَّيْخ نَاحِيَةً مَعَهُ خَلْقٌ وَمُستملٍ، وَقَعَدَ الآخر نَاحِيَةً كَذَلِكَ، وَقَعَدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الأَثْرَمُ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَكَتَبَ مَا أَملَى هَذَا وَمَا أَملَى هَذَا (٢) . قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعِيْدَ بن عتَّاب يَقُوْلُ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بنَ مَعِيْنٍ يَقُوْلُ: كَانَ أَحَدُ أَبوِي الأَثْرَم جِنِّيّاً (٣) . وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ صَدَقَة، قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيْمُ الأَصْبَهَانِيّ -يَعْنِي: ابْن أُورْمَة فِيْمَا أَحسبُ- يَقُوْلُ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ الأَثْرَمُ أَحْفَظ مِنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ الرَّازِيّ وَأَتْقَنُ. قُلْتُ: لَمْ أَظفر بِوَفَاةِ الأَثْرَم، وَمَاتَ بِمَدِيْنَةِ إِسْكَاف فِي حُدُوْدِ السِّتِّيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ قبلهَا أَوْ بَعْدهَا (٤) .
(١) في " طبقات الحنابلة ": للحج. (٢) " طبقات الحنابلة " ١ / ٧٣ و" تذكرة الحفاظ " ٢ / ٥٧١. وجاء فيه أيضا: عن أبي بكر بن صدقة قال: سمعت إبراهيم بن الأصبهاني يقول: أبو بكر الأثرم أحفظ من أبي زرعة الرازي وأتقن. (٣) سبق الخبر في الصفحة السابقة " طبقات الحنابلة " ١ / ٧٣، و" التذكرة " ٢ / ٥٧١ و" التهذيب " ١ / ٧٨. (٤) قال المصنف في " التذكرة " ٢ / ٥٧١: أظنه مات بعد الستين ومئتين. وقال الحافظ ابن حجر في " التهذيب " ١ / ٧٩: توفي سنة ٢٦١ أو في حدودها. ألفيته بخط شيخنا الحافظ أبي الفضل. ثم وجدت في " التذهيب " للذهبي أنه مات بعد الستين ومئتين. وكل هذا تخمين غير صحيح، والحق أنه تأخر عن ذلك، فقد أرخ ابن قانع وفاة الأثرم فيمن مات سنة ٢٧٣ هـ، ولكنه لم يسمه، وليس في الطبقة من يلقب بذلك غيره.

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