He said, “Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl would complete one full khatm (recitation of the entire Qur’an) every day in the daylight hours of Ramaḍān, and after the tarāwīḥ prayers he would stand in night-vigil, finishing another khatm every three nights.” (1)
Bakr ibn Munīr said, “I heard Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Bukhārī say, ‘I hope to meet Allah without being taken to account for having ever spoken ill of anyone.’” (2)
I say: He spoke the truth—may Allah have mercy on him. Whoever examines his remarks in al-jarḥ wa-t-taʿdīl (the science of narrator criticism) will recognise his scrupulous restraint when discussing people and his fairness toward those he judged weak. Most often he will simply say, “munkar al-ḥadīth” (his report is singular), “They remained silent about him,” or “There is some discussion concerning him,” and the like; it is rare that he will say, “So-and-so…" (3)
(1) Tarikh Baghdad, 2/12; Tahdhib al-Kamal, folio 1170; Tabaqat al-Subki, 2/223-224; Muqaddimat al-Fath, 482.
(2) Tabaqat al-Hanabila, 1/276; Tarikh Baghdad, 2/13; Tahdhib al-Asma wa-l-Lughat, 1/68/1; Tahdhib al-Kamal, folio 1170; Tabaqat al-Subki, 2/223-224; Muqaddimat al-Fath, 481.
(3) Al-Iraqi states in Sharh al-Alfiyya, 2/11: “The expressions ‘so-and-so: fihi nazar (there is some doubt about him)’ and ‘so-and-so: sakatu ʿanhu (they were silent about him)’ are used by al-Bukhari for transmitters whose hadith he abandons.”
Al-Dhahabi says in the introduction to Mizan al-Iʿtidal, 1/3-4: “Al-Bukhari only says ‘fihi nazar’ or ‘fi hadithihi nazar’ (there is some doubt about him or about his hadith) regarding someone he generally suspects of fabrication.”
The hadith scholar Shaykh Habib al-Rahman al-Aʿzami comments on their words: “My amazement never ends when I read this statement of al-Iraqi and al-Dhahabi and then see the leading specialists pay it no heed: they declare trustworthy a narrator about whom al-Bukhari said ‘fihi nazar,’ or they even include his reports in the Sahih. Here are some examples:
1. Tamam b. Najih. Al-Bukhari said: ‘fihi nazar.’ Ibn Maʿin declared him reliable. Al-Bazzar in one place said: ‘his hadith is sound.’ Al-Bukhari himself transmitted a suspended report from him about ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAziz raising his hands when bowing—so al-Bukhari did not actually abandon him—nor did Abu Dawud or al-Tirmidhi.
2. Rashid b. Dawud al-Sanʿani. Al-Bukhari said: ‘fihi nazar.’ Yet the foremost critic Yahya b. Maʿin said: ‘there is no problem with him; he is thiqa (reliable).’ Dahim likewise said: ‘to me he is thiqa.’ Ibn Hibban listed him among al-Thiqat. Al-Nasaʾi narrated from him. Ibn Hajar judged: ‘truthful, though he makes mistakes.’
3. Thaʿlaba b. Yazid al-Hammāni. Al-Bukhari said: ‘fi hadithihi nazar; he is not followed in what he relates.’ Al-Nasaʾi said: ‘thiqa.’ Ibn ʿAdi remarked: ‘In what I have seen of his narrations, none is objectionable.’ Ibn Hajar concluded: ‘truthful, with Shiʿi leanings.’
4. Jaʿda al-Makhzumi. Al-Bukhari said: ‘I know no other hadith of his except this one, and it is questionable.’ He was nevertheless transmitted by …